Rotarymagnetocaloric cooling system is the mainstream technical solution of magnetocaloric cooling technology. However

there are multiple key issues constraining their performance. To address these key challenges

this paper discussesand reviews the latest progress in research and proposes future research directions for the following four aspects: highly efficient heat transfer of active magnetocaloric regenerators; flow control among multiple regenerators; multi-layered regenerators; and magnetic assembly and system integrations.This paper also addresses multiple approaches and thoroughly investigates theirpotential for intrinsically improving the cooling performance and scope of application via a combination of magnetocaloric and other cooling technologies.Discussion of the key challengessummarizedin this paper will also help to clarify the future research directions of magnetocaloric cooling

and provide ideas for the development of highly efficient magnetocaloric cooling systems.