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1.清华大学建筑学院 北京 100084
2. 清华大学生态规划与绿色建筑教育部重点实验室 北京 100084
林波荣,男,教授,清华大学建筑学院,13910989594,E-mail: linbr@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn。研究方向:绿色建筑与建筑节能。
收稿:2026-08-11,
修回:2026-09-06,
录用:2026-09-07,
网络首发:2026-10-09,
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赵恒昕,李诗莹,吴一凡,等. 低碳建筑中的热储能技术综述:从应用到优化[J]. 制冷学报,XXXX,XX(XX):1-13.
Zhao Hengxin,Li Shiying,Wu Yifan,et al. Review of Thermal Energy Storage Technologies in Low-Carbon Buildings: From Application to Optimization[J]. Journal of Refrigeration,XXXX,XX(XX):1-13.
赵恒昕,李诗莹,吴一凡,等. 低碳建筑中的热储能技术综述:从应用到优化[J]. 制冷学报,XXXX,XX(XX):1-13. DOI: 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260811001.
Zhao Hengxin,Li Shiying,Wu Yifan,et al. Review of Thermal Energy Storage Technologies in Low-Carbon Buildings: From Application to Optimization[J]. Journal of Refrigeration,XXXX,XX(XX):1-13. DOI: 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260811001.
在“双碳”目标与建筑领域低碳转型背景下,热储能技术是破解能源供需时空错位、提升建筑用能柔性的重要技术路径。鉴于热储能技术在建筑节能领域的应用潜力,本文系统回顾了其在建筑应用的发展现状、应用挑战及优化方向,梳理了3类热储能技术的分类体系,并从围护结构集成与暖通系统耦合两大应用维度,全面总结热储能技术的研究进展与节能效果。在此基础上,进一步归纳了基于材料、结构改进与基于外场调控的性能强化方法,并结合本团队研究提出新型相变热二极管储能屋顶与移动式供冷储能末端2类创新方案。最后总结当前技术规模化应用的瓶颈,展望未来发展方向,为建筑热储能技术的研究与工程应用提供理论参考。
Significance
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Against the backdrop of global carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals, the building sector faces an urgent demand for low-carbon transformation. Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems account for more than 60% of the building energy consumption, accompanied by a prominent temporal-spatial mismatch between energy supply and demand. Thermal energy storage (TES) technologies, which allow for the storage and release of thermal energy on demand, represent a pivotal solution to mitigate this mismatch and enhance the energy flexibility of buildings. However, the existing literature mainly focuses on the basic classification and conventional applications of TES while lacking a systematic summary of advanced-performance optimization systems and interdisciplinary innovative application schemes in building scenarios. To fill this research gap, the present study conducted a comprehensive review of the development status, application challenges, and optimization pathways of TES technologies in building applications, thereby providing valuable theoretical references for related research and engineering practices.
Progress
2
This paper elaborates on the classification and working mechanisms of three mainstream TES technologies: sensible heat storage, latent heat storage, and thermochemical storage. Water-based sensible heat storage is widely deployed owing to its technological maturity and low cost; however, it is constrained by its low energy density and considerable space occupation. Latent heat storage utilizing phase-change materials (PCM) features high energy density and a nearly isothermal charging-discharging process, thus emerging as a research hotspot in building energy storage. Thermochemical storage boasts of ultrahigh energy density and negligible heat loss during long-term storage, although most relevant technologies are still in the laboratory research stage.
Conclusion and Prospect TES technologies have demonstrated remarkable application value in building energy conservation and power grid demand response, serving as core enablers for the low-carbon transformation of the building sector. Nevertheless, the large-scale engineering deployment of TES is still hindered by multiple bottlenecks: the intrinsically low thermal conductivity of PCMs restricts the heat charge‒discharge rate; the integration adaptability between TES systems and existing building energy systems remains inadequate; and there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation covering full life-cycle economic and environmental benefits.
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