浏览全部资源
扫码关注微信
稀释制冷机蒸馏室出口超流氦爬膜抑制结构的性能评估
Performance Evaluation of Suppression Structure for Superfluid Helium Film Flow at the Exit of Dilution Refrigerator Still Chamber
- 默认刊物名称 2025年
- 作者机构：
1.中国科学院低温工程学重点实验室，中国科学院理化技术研究所，北京，100190
2.中国科学院大学，北京，100049
3.中国科学院苏州纳米技术与纳米仿生研究所，苏州，215123
4.上海交通大学制冷与低温工程研究所，上海，200240
- 作者简介：
王亚男，女，助理研究员，中国科学院理化技术研究所，13683679250，E-mail: wangyanan@mail.ipc.ac.cn。研究方向：极低温，稀释制冷。
- 基金信息：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2203400);国家自然科学基金(52176027)
DOI：
中图分类号： TB661;TB61+1- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李志恒, 程维军, 时文华, 等. 稀释制冷机蒸馏室出口超流氦爬膜抑制结构的性能评估[J/OL]. 默认刊物名称, 2025.
Li Zhiheng, Cheng weijun, Shi wenhua, et al. Performance Evaluation of Suppression Structure for Superfluid Helium Film Flow at the Exit of Dilution Refrigerator Still Chamber[J/OL]. Moren journal, 2025.
摘要
超流氦（
4
He）由于其量子特性，在极低温下会产生超常热导效应、喷泉效应和爬膜效应等特殊现象。稀释制冷机以
3
He作为循环工质，
3
He在混合室穿过相界面产生制冷效果，在蒸馏室蒸发后由室温泵组抽出。蒸馏室内部的超流氦会在壁面上形成液膜并向高温处流动，其超常的热导率会使得蒸馏室漏热较大，并且超流氦液
膜在蒸发后会影响循环过程中
3
He的纯度，进而影响稀释制冷的制冷量。“刀口”和“小孔”结构是限制超流氦爬膜的主要方式。本文通过计算分析了循环工质
3
He的纯度对稀释制冷机制冷量的影响以及“小孔”的大小对系统
3
He循环流量的限制，通过实验测试了在0.95K时分别设置“小孔”和“刀口+小孔”时超流氦爬膜的质量流量，使用“刀口+小孔”比单独使用“小孔”效果提升约35.6%。
Abstract
Superfluid helium (
4
He) exhibits special phenomena such as anomalous thermal conduction effect
fountain effect
and crawling film effect at sub-Kelvin temperatures due to its quantum properties. Dilution refrigerators utilize
3
He as the working fluid for circulation
where
3
He produces cooling effects as it passes through the phase interface in the mixing chamber
and is then pumped out by the room-temperature pump after evaporation in the still chamber. The superfluid helium inside the still chamber forms a liquid film on the wall and flows towards higher temperatures
resulting in significant heat leakage due to its anomalous thermal conductivity. The superfluid helium liquid film also affects the purity of
3
He in the circulation process
thereby affecting the cooling capacity of the dilution refrigerator. The "knife-edge" and "small orifice" structures are the main methods to suppress superfluid helium film. This study analyzed the impact of the purity of the working fluid
3
He on the cooling capacity of the dilution refrigerator
and the restriction of the system's
3
He circulation flow rate by the size of the "small orifice". Experimental tests were conducted to measure the mass flow rate of superfluid helium crawling film at 0.95 K with two types of suppression structures: "small orifice " and "knife-edge + small orifice". The use of "knife-edge + small orifice" resulted in a 35.6% improvement compared to using "small orifice" alone.
关键词
Keywords
references
VENTURA G , RISEGARI L . The art of cryogenics: low-temperature experimental techniques [M ] . 1st ed . Amsterdam ; Boston : Elsevier , 2008 .
BIJL A , DE BOER J , MICHELS A . Properties of liquid helium II [J ] . Physica , 1941 , 8 ( 7 ): 655 - 675 .
张鹏 , 王如竹 . 超流氦传热 [M ] . 北京 ： 科学出版社 , 2009 .
ZHANG Peng , WANG Ruzhu . Heat Transfer of Superfluid Helium [M ] . Beijing : Science Press , 2009 .
ZU H Y , CHENG W J , WANG Y N , 等 . Experimental analysis of condensation-pump dilution refrigerators [J ] . Acta Physica Sinica , 2023 , 72 ( 8 ): 080701 .
GUAN X , FAN J , BIAN Y B , 等 . An efficient numerical method for modeling silver powder heat exchanger in dilution refrigerator [J ] . Cryogenics , 2024 , 141 : 103891 .
ZHENG M , LI J , GUO H , 等 . Experimental study on a dry dilution refrigerator driven by a high-power linear compressor [J ] . Cryogenics , 2024 , 138 : 103802 .
CHENG W , ZU H , LI Z , 等 . Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of a condensation-driven dilution refrigerator [J ] . Journal of Applied Physics , 2024 , 135 ( 23 ): 235901 .
ZU H , CHENG W , WANG Y , 等 . Numerical investigation of a condensation-driven dilution refrigerator [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2023 : S0140700723000907 .
UHLIG K . Dry dilution refrigerator with pulse tube shutoff option [J ] . Cryogenics , 2023 , 130 : 103649 .
JI Z , FAN J , DONG J , 等 . Development of a cryogen-free dilution refrigerator [J ] . Chinese Physics B , 2022 , 31 ( 12 ): 120703 .
ZU H , DAI W , DE WAELE A T A M . Development of dilution refrigerators—A review [J ] . Cryogenics , 2022 , 121 : 103390 .
WHEATLEY J C , VILCHES O E , ABEL W R . Principles and methods of dilution refrigeration [J ] . Physics Physique Fizika , 1968 , 4 ( 1 ): 1 - 64 .
NACHER P J , DUPONT-ROC J . Experimental evidence for nonwetting with superfluid helium [J ] . Physical Review Letters , 1991 , 67 ( 21 ): 2966 - 2969 .
EZOE Y , DIPIRRO M , FUJIMOTO R , 等 . Porous plug phase separator and superfluid film flow suppression system for the soft x-ray spectrometer onboard Hitomi [J ] . Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems , 2017 , 4 ( 01 ): 1 .
ODA Y , FUJII G , ONO T , 等 . Practical design of heat exchangers for dilution refrigerators: part 2 [J ] . Cryogenics , 1983 , 23 ( 3 ): 139 - 147 .
POBELL F . Matter and methods at low temperatures [M ] . 3rd, revised and expanded ed 版. Berlin : Springer , 2007 .
SHIRRON P J , DIPIRRO M J . Suppression of Superfluid Film Flow in the XRS Helium Dewar [M ] //KITTEL P. Advances in Cryogenic Engineering . Boston, MA : Springer US , 1998 : 949 - 956 .
ISHIKAWA K , EZOE Y , YAMAGUCHI H , 等 . Porous plug and superfluid helium film flow suppressor for the soft X-ray spectrometer onboard Astro-H [J ] . Cryogenics , 2010 , 50 ( 9 ): 507 - 511 .
MAY A J , COPPI G , HAYNES V , 等 . A highly effective superfluid film breaker for high heat-lift 1 K sorption coolers [J ] . Cryogenics , 2019 , 102 : 45 - 49 .
PRADHAN J , DAS N Kr , CHAKRABORTY A . Thermo-dynamical process simulation of dilution refrigerator [J ] . Cryogenics , 2013 , 57 : 158 - 165 .
0
浏览量
0
下载量
0
CSCD
- 网络PDF下载
- Meta-XML下载
- BibTeX下载
- Endnote下载
- RefMan 下载
- NoteExpress下载
- NoteFirst下载
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
- 地址：北京市海淀区阜成路67号银都大厦10层 邮编：100142
- 联系电话：010-68711412 Email：editor@car.org.cn
- 技术支持由北京北大方正电子有限公司提供 京ICP备09064830号-19
京公网安备11010802024621 - 本系统建议在Chrome、 IE9+ 以上版本浏览器阅读本站内容，360浏览器请切换至极速模式
- Cookies帮助我们提供服务并提供个性化体验。使用本网站，即表示您同意我们使用Cookies