冷媒相变对大容量锂离子电池温控的影响分析

陈清华; 吴瑞龙; 束凡

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冷媒相变对大容量锂离子电池温控的影响分析

更新时间：2025-04-17

- 冷媒相变对大容量锂离子电池温控的影响分析
- ^1,2^1,2Analysis of TheInfluence of Refrigerant Phase Transition on The Temperature Control of LargeCapacity Lithium-ion Battery 
- 制冷学报 2025年
- 作者机构：
 
 1.安徽理工大学机电工程学院,安徽省淮南市232001
 2.合肥综合性国家科学中心能源研究院,安徽省合肥市230001,中国
- 作者简介：
 
 吴瑞龙，男，硕士，安徽理工大学机电工程学院，19154083791。研究方向：电池热管理。
- 基金信息：
 
 国家自然科学基金(52175070)
- DOI：
 中图分类号： TB61⁺1;TM912
- 收稿：2024-12-31，
 
 修回：2025-03-17，
 
 录用：2025-04-08，
- 稿件说明：
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陈清华, 吴瑞龙, 束凡. 冷媒相变对大容量锂离子电池温控的影响分析[J/OL]. 制冷学报, 2025.

CHEN Qinghua, WU Ruilong. ^1,2^1,2Analysis of TheInfluence of Refrigerant Phase Transition on The Temperature Control of LargeCapacity Lithium-ion Battery [J/OL]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025.
陈清华, 吴瑞龙, 束凡. 冷媒相变对大容量锂离子电池温控的影响分析[J/OL]. 制冷学报, 2025. DOI：

CHEN Qinghua, WU Ruilong. ^1,2^1,2Analysis of TheInfluence of Refrigerant Phase Transition on The Temperature Control of LargeCapacity Lithium-ion Battery [J/OL]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025. DOI：

摘要

为探究冷媒相变对锂离子电池温控的影响规律，采用数值模拟的方法进行研究。本文制定直冷系统散热方案，建立电热耦合模型模拟电池生热，采用Lee模型模拟冷媒相变过程。并利用实验对模型可靠性进行验证，误差在3%以内。对不同工况下的直冷系统进行数值模拟，分析口琴式冷板的不同边界条件、并联式和蛇形冷板的流道结构对直冷系统温控性能的影响。结果表明：2倍率工况下，直冷系统最高温度及温差分别比液冷系统降低了7.12%和58.86%。蒸发温度从10℃上升到20℃时，直冷板内部压差从45.74Pa下降到39.48Pa，较低的蒸发温度可以促进冷媒相变。入口处液相分数的升高有利于降低电池模组的最高温度，却会导致电池模组温差增大和液相冷媒过剩。增加流道与电池底部有效接触面有助于电池散热，延长流道长度有利于冷媒充分相变。

Abstract

To investigate the impact of refrigerant phase change on lithium-ion battery temperature control

numerical simulation was employed. A direct cooling system was designed and an electro-thermal model was established to simulate heat generation in batteries. The Lee model was used for the phase change simulation. Model reliability was confirmed with experiments

with errors kept under 3%. Simulations were conducted for various conditions to analyze the effects of different boundary conditions on a harmonica-style cold plate and the flow channel structures of parallel and serpentine cold plates on the cooling performance. Results indicated that at a 2C rate

the direct cooling system's max temp and temp diff are 7.12% and 58.86% lower than the liquid cooling system. When evaporation temp rises from 10℃ to 20℃

the direct cooling plate's pressure diff drops from 45.74Pa to 39.48Pa. Lower evaporation temp aids refrigerant phase transition. An increased liquid phase fraction at the inlet can lower the battery module's highest temperature but may lead to greater temperature differences and excess liquid refrigerant. Increasing the flow channel's effective contact area with the battery bottom aids in cooling

and extending the channel length promotes complete refrigerant phase change.

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