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1.低温科学与技术全国重点实验室 中国科学院理化技术研究所 北京 100190
2. 中国科学院大学 北京 100049
王晓涛,男,副研究员,中国科学院理化技术研究所,010-82543733,E-mail:xtwang@mail.ipc.ac.cn。研究方向:小型低温制冷系统(脉冲管、斯特林、J-T节流等)
修回:2025-12-25,
录用:2026-01-05,
网络出版:2026-01-30,
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李政坤,丁旭鹏,王晓涛等.三级热耦合斯特林/脉管混合型制冷机研究[J].制冷学报,
Li Zhengkun,Ding Xupeng,Wang Xiaotao,et al.Three-Stage Thermally Coupled Stirling/Pulse Tube Hybrid Cryocooler[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
李政坤,丁旭鹏,王晓涛等.三级热耦合斯特林/脉管混合型制冷机研究[J].制冷学报, DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251119001. CSTR: XXXXX.XX.XXX.20251119001.
Li Zhengkun,Ding Xupeng,Wang Xiaotao,et al.Three-Stage Thermally Coupled Stirling/Pulse Tube Hybrid Cryocooler[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251119001. CSTR: XXXXX.XX.XXX.20251119001.
当前低温超导、空间探测等前沿领域对液氦温区制冷技术的小型化、高可靠性及长寿命特性提出迫切需求,多级斯特林型脉管制冷机是满足此类需求的极具潜力的解决方案。本文设计并研制了1台热耦合结构的三级斯特林型脉管制冷系统。该系统采用中科力函生产的两级高频斯特林制冷机(70 Hz)对第三级进行预冷,可提供5 W@70 K(即70 K下制冷量为5 W)和2 W@32 K的冷量。针对第三级冷指,首先利用Sage建立了简化制冷机模型,以此确定关键运行参数,包括运行频率、平均压力及预冷温度;再对第三级进行仿真优化,并最终完成设计与实验平台搭建。实验结果表明:在平均压力为1.4 MPa,频率为21 Hz,总输入电功约为370 W工况下,冷端最低温可达5.16 K,典型制冷量为50 mW@6 K和102 mW@7 K。
Low-temperature superconductivity and space exploration urgently require compact, highly reliable, and long-lifespan cooling technologies that operate in the liquid-helium temperature range. Multistage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocoolers are a promising solution. In this study, a thermally coupled three-stage Stirling-type pulse tube cryocooler was designed and constructed. The system employs a two high-frequency (70 Hz) Stirling cryocooler (model TC3130, Lihan) to precool the third stage, thus providing cooling capacities of 5 W and 2 W at 70 K and 32 K, respectively. For the third stage, simplified models were first established using Sage to determine the key operating parameters, including the operating frequency, average pressure, and precooling temperature. The third stage was fully simulated, followed by the final design and experimental set up. Experimental results show that under an average pressure of 1.4 MPa, a frequency of 21 Hz, and a total input power of approximately 370 W, the lowest no-load temperature reached 5.16 K, with typical cooling capacities of 50 mW and 102 mW at 6 K and 7 K, respectively.
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