| 摘要: |
| 在“碳中和”背景下，实现集中式冷热管网无法覆盖的分布式区域的低碳冷热兼供，具有重要的现实意义。本文提出了一种基于吸收式热泵的冷热兼供系统，其利用光热、地热、余热、生物质和空气能等多种清洁、可再生能源，实现-20~100℃宽温区冷热兼供，适用于乡村、城镇、工业园等分布式区域。基于Aspen构建了系统模型，并搭建了一套原理样机。样机利用真空管集热器捕集光热能，并引入天然气补燃平衡光热负荷波动；通过载热/载冷介质循环及阀组切换，利用单套吸收式热泵及室外冷热一体机，拖动多套室内供热/供冷末端。原理样机在济南进行了环境测试，整个测试期间光热占比可达35%。通过燃气比例调节，实现全天候稳定供能；通过液位控制，实现了大范围的浓度调节，使样机能在更宽的温度范围内高效运行。研究发现：当冷却水温度在30~20℃变化时，-20℃制冷COP为0.30~0.43，7℃制冷COP为0.70~0.78，当蒸发温度在-15~20℃变化时，45℃供热COP为1.40~1.90，80℃供热COP为1.35~1.56。结果表明，通过引入太阳能热驱动和空气能回收，该系统可再生能源比例超过50%；相较燃气壁挂炉和电空调的传统方式，新型系统全年运行费用降低54%、碳排放降低44%，具有巨大的应用潜力。 |
| 关键词: 吸收式热泵 多能互补 冷热联供 可再生能源 碳减排 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2024-02-26 修订日期：2024-03-14
录用日期：2024-03-15 |
| 基金项目:变温热源驱动的吸收式高温热泵大温跨供热机理研究 |
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| Study on the Multi-energy Complementary Absorption Heat Pump Applied for Combined Cooling and Heating with Large Temperature Zone |
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| Abstract: |
| Under the background of carbon neutrality, it is of great importance to realize low-carbon combined cooling and heating supply in distributed areas away from centralized cooling and heating network. In this paper, a combined cooling and heating system based on absorption heat pump is proposed, which uses a variety of clean and renewable energy such as solar heat, geothermal, waste heat, biomass and air-source energy to achieve the combined cooling and heating in a wide temperature zone of -20-100℃, suitable for distributed areas such as villages, cities and industrial parks. The system model is constructed based on Aspen, and a prototype is set up. The prototype uses vacuum tube collector to capture solar thermal energy, and introduces natural gas secondary combustion to balance load fluctuations of solar energy. Through the medium circulation and valve switching, multiple sets of indoor heating/cooling ends can be driven by a single set of absorption heat pump and outdoor unit. Environmental test of the prototype was performed in Jinan, and during the whole testing period the solar thermal ratio could reach 35%. Through gas proportional regulation, all-weather stable energy supply was achieved. Moreover, a wide range of concentration adjusting was realized by level control of solution tank, so that the system can operate efficiently in a wider temperature zone. It was found that the COP of cooling reached 0.30-0.43 at -20℃, and 0.70-0.78 at 7℃, with cooling water temperatures varies from 30 to 20℃; and the COP of heating reached 1.40-1.90 at 45℃, and 1.35-1.56 at 80℃, with evaporation temperature varies from -15 to 20℃. It was showed that by introducing solar thermal driving and ambient energy recovery, the proportion of renewable energy of the system was over 50%. Compared with the traditional method of gas furnace plus air conditioning, the annual operating cost and carbon emission of the proposed system was reduced by over 54.3% and 44%, respectively, which has great application potential. |
| Key words: absorption heat pump multi-energy complement combined cooling and heating renewable energy carbon emission reduction. |
