| 摘要: |
| 煤层气、合成天然气、焦炉煤气、化工尾气等非常规天然气液化是对其回收利用的有效途径。由于含有大量氧、氮或氢，通常需要进行低温精馏提纯，非常规天然气液化技术与常规天然气有较大差别。本文回顾了近年与非常规天然气液化相关的研究进展。对于煤层气，国外大型煤层气项目因制冷剂供应原因均采用级联式流程，国内则注重小型或撬装式装置的开发以及含空气煤层气液化的特殊性的研究。对于合成天然气，由于脱氢的需要均采用液化-精馏的流程结构，并可以通过液化-精馏两部分的能量整合实现系统能效提升。对于焦炉煤气，甲烷化生成合成天然气后再液化是主流技术方案，而将焦炉煤气分离液化同时制取液化天然气和液氢的新技术方案应予重视。此外，与非常规天然气液化过程安全性、相平衡和溶解度等方面的研究也取得了积极进展。 |
| 关键词: 液化天然气 制冷循环 液化流程 煤层气 合成天然气 焦炉煤气 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2021-01-09 修订日期：2021-01-27
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research Progress of Unconventional Natural Gas Liquefaction |
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Lin Wensheng, Xu Jingxuan, Gao Ting, Gu Anzhong
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| (Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University) |
| Abstract: |
| Liquefaction of unconventional natural gases, such as coalbed methane, synthetic natural gas, coke oven gas, and tail gas from chemical processes, is an effective method for recycling. Owing to the involvement of large amounts of oxygen, nitrogen, or hydrogen, they usually need to be purified by low-temperature distillation. Thus, the unconventional natural gas liquefaction technology is quite different from that for the conventional natural gas. In this paper, the research progress of unconventional natural gas liquefaction in recent years is reviewed. For coalbed methane, large-scale coalbed methane projects abroad employed a cascade process owing to the refrigerant supply, while the research and development in China focused on small-scale or skid-mounted liquefaction devices and specific characteristics of air-bearing coalbed methane liquefaction. For synthetic natural gas, the structure of the liquefaction–distillation processes was employed because of hydrogen removal and the energy integration between the two parts was recommended to increase the system energy efficiency. For coke oven gas, the mainstream technology scheme to produce synthetic natural gas was methanation, followed by liquefaction. The new technology scheme of separating and liquefying coke oven gas to simultaneously produce liquefied natural gas and liquid hydrogen should be analyzed. In addition, the safety, phase equilibrium, and solubility issues related to the unconventional natural gas liquefaction are discussed. |
| Key words: liquefied natural gas refrigeration cycle liquefaction process coalbed methane synthetic natural gas coke oven gas |
