| 摘要: |
| 根据生命周期评价理论，介绍了各环境影响指标的量化方法。并以家用空调为例，分析其对人类健康、生态品质和资源消耗三大类环境方面的影响，同时得到家用空调在其寿命期内CO2等温室气体以及CS2等有害气体的排放量。结果表明：一台1.5P的家用空调在其寿命期内的环境影响评价指标总值为690Pt，系统在生态品质方面的影响指标最大，为502.65Pt，在人类健康方面的影响指标次之，为98.35Pt，对资源消耗的影响指标为89.46Pt。运行阶段由于电力的使用，对环境的影响指标最大，为681Pt，因此，要降低家用空调在寿命期内对环境的冲击和危害，应重点放在节约电力以及开发新能源的使用上。最后，分析结果得出：一台电力驱动的1.5P普通家用空调在其寿命期内的CO2排放量为1.89×104kg，同时排放SO气体78.017kg，以及其他少数有害气体。评价结果向空调产业部门提供了改善空调器的环境特性所需的必要信息，同时向消费者提供了进行环境决策而需要的有价值的信息资料，促使他们在考虑技术特性和费用的同时也考虑环境影响。 |
| 关键词: 热工学 环境影响及量化方法 生命周期评价 家用空调 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2011-12-26
|
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（51176009）、“十二五”国家科技支撑计划（2011BAJ03B14）资助项目。 |
|
| Life Circle Environmental Assessment on Household Air Conditioning and Its Quantification Method |
|
Shao Xiaowei, Cai Liang, Zhang Xiaosong
|
| (Southeast University) |
| Abstract: |
| According to life circle assessment theory, the environmental effect indicators and corresponding quantification method were introduced in this paper. Then a household air conditioning was taken as an example, and its environmental effect on human health, ecosystem quality and resource consumption were analyzed. Meanwhile, emission of greenhouse gases and polluted gas were carried out. The results show that its total environment indicator score is 690 Pt. Score on ecosystem quality (502.65Pt) is the highest, and score on resource consumption (89.46Pt) is the lowest. Because of electrical power consumed, the operation phase has the most influence indicator score on environment, which reaches to 681Pt. To reduce the environmental impact, more attention should be paid on power saving and new energy utilization. Finally, during life circle of a 1.5p household air conditioning, its CO2 emission is 1.89×104 kg and SO emission is 78.017kg. The evaluation results provide necessary information to air conditioning industry to improve the environment characteristics of air conditioner and supply the valuable information for the environmental decision-making to customers, which makes them consider the cost of the technical characteristics and also consider the environmental impact. |
| Key words: pyrology environmental assessment and quantification method life circle assessment household air conditioning |
