| 摘要: |
| 蒙特利尔议定书第19次缔约方会议通过了加速淘汰HCFCs制冷剂的调整案，给我国制冷行业带来了较大压力。根据联合国环境规划署“气候友好制冷剂之路”国际会议信息，介绍了制冷剂替代技术的国内外研究现状。欧盟正积极推进天然制冷剂的应用，美国杜邦公司等在开发和宣传化学合成制冷剂的优越性，而非洲、东南亚等发展中国家更关注制冷剂替代技术和替代资金的来源。我国在HCFCs替代方面，除了研究适合国情的R32等过渡制冷剂替代技术之外，还应该进一步研究CO2、R290等天然制冷剂的应用技术，同时开发GWP值较小但与HCFCs类制冷剂的物性更加接近的制冷剂。另外，这里还强调了HCFCs替代技术涉及到的相关标准的制订是行业发展的基础，应该受到特别关注。 |
| 关键词: 工程热物理 制冷剂替代 进展 发展趋势 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目: |
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| Research Progress on Alternative Refrigerants and Their Development Trend |
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Li Liansheng
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| (State Key Laboratory for Compressor Technology, Hefei General Machinery Research Institute) |
| Abstract: |
| The new agreement about “accelerate the phase-out of production and consumption of hydro-chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs)” on the 19th meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol put much more pressure on Chinese refrigeration industry. On the basis of message gotten from the conferences organized by UNIDO in Vienna in 2008 and UNEP in Cairo in 2010, the author summarized the research progress in the HCFCs replacement in recent years in the world. EU have been developing natural refrigerants, such corporations as Dupont are researching and propagating the good performances of HFO-1234yf, DR-2, etc., while the countries in Africa and south-east Asia put more attention to where to get the refrigerant replacement technology and the fund. As for China, besides R32 being considered as a interim refrigerant suitable for China's actual conditions, more works should be done on the development of such natural refrigerants as CO2, R290 as well as the alternative refrigerants with low GWP and thermodynamic properties similar to HCFCs. In addition, special attention should be paid to the standards for the replacement of HCFCs, which is the motivation for the development of refrigeration industry. |
| Key words: Engineering thermophysics Alternative refrigerants Progress Development trend |
