Precise temperature control is needed for developing and applying microfluidic technology in biochemical analysis and medical diagnosis. A temperature control system based on a thermoelectric cooler with a specially shaped structure was designed to realize the temperature control of the target area of microfluidic chips. The heat transfer and temperature response characteristics of the temperature control system were analyzed based on numerical simulation and experimental tests. The results showed that the thermoelectric cooler reduced the temperature of the sample cell of the microfluidic chip to -24 ℃. However

the pull-downrate of the sample cell was much lower than that of the thermoelectric cooler

which exhibited temperature response hysteresis. To address this challenge

a T-shaped concentrated cooling structure was proposed. The results showed that the concentrated cooling structure substantially improved the response rate of the temperature control system and effectively reduced the response time

at the cost of consuminga small amount of cooling. For the concentrated cooling structure with a lower diameter of 14 mm and 10 mm

the temperature response time was reduced by 30% and 40.7%

respectively.