Geothermal energy is widely used in building heating owing to its stability

large reserves

and wide distribution. Beginning from the classification of geothermal energy heating technology

this paper elaborates on the basic concepts

development history

and application status of shallow ground source heat pump technology

hydrothermal heating technology

and medium-deep borehole heat exchanger heating technology. Based on the reported research

future directions for investigation of geothermal energy heating technology are summarized

from the perspective of the operation mechanism and application practice. These future research directions mainly include heat balance analysis of large-scale shallow borehole heat exchanger arrays

high-efficiency water recharge technology of hydrothermal heating

and evaluation of the heat transfer performance of medium and deep borehole heat exchanger arrays.