The air temperature in a subway tunnel is influenced by the surrounding rocks. The temperature distribution in the surrounding rock is affected by many factors. To obtain the evolution trend of the heat transfer and thermal reservoir of the surrounding rocks

we need to understand the influence of various factors on the heat transfer. In this study

the CHAMPS-BES software is used to simulate the effect of the soil property and air temperature on the heat transfer in the surrounding rocks and the significant degree of influence of various factors on the temperature distribution characteristics in the surrounding rocks using an orthogonal experimental method. We find that the influence of the soil thermal diffusivity on the peak position of the surrounding rocks is very significant. When the soil thermal diffusivity is 7.6 × 10-7 m2/℃

the heat transfer is faster

and the thickness of the heat sink for 20 years exceeds the range of 50 m. On the basis of this research

the study on the characteristics of heat storage and change of the heat storage in the surrounding rocks in different regions reveals that the soil in north area has lower initial temperature

and the annual net heat storage of the soil is greater. In the Harbin area

the annual net heat storage of the soil is approximately 102300 MJ

which is equivalent to 1.8% of the train heat dissipation. However

the annual net heat capacity of the soil gradually decreases with the increase in the operation years.