A higher survival rate of frozen-thawed biological samples is required for clinical use and translational medicine. The cooling rate of samples is one of the most important factors affecting survival. In this study

a new sample quick freezing platform using an 80-W Stirling refrigerator as a cold source was designed. The structure of the cooling stage was determined by heat transfer simulation to obtain the fastest cooling rate using finite element simulation software (COMSOL). The results show that the distance between the sample vials has no significant effect on the cooling rate of the samples. The height of the cooling stage is the main factor that influences the cooling rate and temperature uniformity of the samples. A height of the cooling stage H = 25 mm gives the best results

which is slightly lower than the height of the samples. In addition

when the radius of the cooling stage is smaller

the cooling rate of the samples is faster

and the temperature difference of the samples is relatively larger; however

the result gap is not significant. An optimization and improvement plan has been put forward based on the simulation results. The conclusion of this study will provide a reference for the follow-up design of a cooling stage with greater power and different volume samples.