One of the major factors in the annual loss of vaccine products is the failure of cold-chain transportation

where the most common piece of equipment used during transport is the cold storage box. The main factors that influence the performance of a cold storage box include the heat-insulating property of the thermal insulation material

the cooling capacity of the storage material

and the design of the thermal insulation packaging. This study reviews the research progress on cold storage boxes in the vaccine cold chain. The selection and application of common insulation materials and phase-change cold storage materials for vaccines were analyzed

and calculations related to the thermal resistance of the box and the monitoring of the temperature were studied. The research direction for integrated packing and development of phase-change cold storage materials were also proposed.