Due to heating demands

the range of Electric Vehicles (EVs) will significantly decrease when used in cold climate. A study on character of EV heating load is present in this paper

and a new experimental method of heating load evaluation is provided. The heating load of EV was experimentally evaluated and modeled. The ventilation load is responsible for most of the heating load. Under -20 ℃ the ventilation load accounts for 56.2%-84.4% of total load

which is changed with vehicle velocity and blower level. Then the effect of heating load on EV NEDC range was calculated. It can be concluded that the PTC heater will cause a 20.1%-56.4% decrease in NEDC range

while using heat pump to meet the requirement of heating will greatly improve the NEDC range. A 7.4%-13.2% extension can be achieved with a heat pump COP of 1.7.