液氢管流静电积聚规律的实验研究

孙文豪; 王磊; 马原; 刘柏文; 厉彦忠

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.024

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液氢管流静电积聚规律的实验研究

氢液化与低温储运 | 更新时间：2025-09-29

- 液氢管流静电积聚规律的实验研究
- Experimental Study on Electrostatic Accumulation Mechanism in Liquid Hydrogen Pipe Flow
- 制冷学报 2025年46卷第5期页码：24-31
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学制冷与低温工程系　西安　710049
- 作者简介：
  
  王磊，男，教授，西安交通大学制冷与低温工程系，18220550071，E-mail：wanglei-epe@xjtu.edu.cn。研究方向：航天低温推进剂技术，液氢与氢安全技术。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.024
  中图分类号： TK91
- 收稿日期：2025-06-09，
  
  修回日期：2025-07-14，
  
  录用日期：2025-07-14，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-10-16
- 稿件说明：
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孙文豪, 王磊, 马原, 等. 液氢管流静电积聚规律的实验研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(5):24-31.

Sun Wenhao, Wang Lei, Ma Yuan, et al. Experimental Study on Electrostatic Accumulation Mechanism in Liquid Hydrogen Pipe Flow[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 24-31.
孙文豪, 王磊, 马原, 等. 液氢管流静电积聚规律的实验研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(5):24-31. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.024.

Sun Wenhao, Wang Lei, Ma Yuan, et al. Experimental Study on Electrostatic Accumulation Mechanism in Liquid Hydrogen Pipe Flow[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 24-31. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.024.

摘要

为研究液氢管道流动中引发的静电积聚问题，以液氢为实验工质，搭建了低温液氢管流静电积聚测试系统。通过真空绝热、绝缘连接、静电屏蔽等措施，采用泄漏电荷法，实现了低温下液氢流动荷电量的安全、准确测量；分析了雷诺数

在2×10

以下多个流动工况的电荷积聚特征。实验结果表明：电导率极低的液氢在管流过程中存在明显的流动荷电现象，测试中电荷积聚量呈线性增长趋势；在实验所涉及管长和

范围下，平均电荷密度随速度的增大而降低，但降低速率逐渐减缓；随管径增大，管流平均电荷密度也降低。所搭建的低温液氢管流静电积聚测试系统为开展液氢静电测试提供了重要平台，该研究证明了液氢静电测量方法的可行性，为探明液氢静电规律与安全流速边界提供了设计指导。

Abstract

To investigate electrostatic accumulation induced by cryogenic liquid hydrogen (LH

) flow in pipelines

a test system was constructed with LH

as the primary working medium. Using vacuum insulation

insulated connections

electrostatic shielding

and other measures

as well as the application of the leakage charge method

safe and accurate measurement of extremely low-level charge quantities generated by LH

flow under cryogenic conditions was achieved. The charge accumulation characteristics under multiple flow conditions with Reynolds numbers (

) below 2×10

were analyzed. The experimental results indicated that notable flow charging phenomena occurred during LH

flow with extremely low electrical conductivity in pipelines. Furthermore

charge accumulation demonstrated a linear growth during the test period. Within the range of pipe lengths and Reynolds numbers covered by the experiment

the average charge density decreased with an increase in the flow velocity; ho

wever

the rate of decrease gradually diminished. The average charge density of flow decreased with increasing pipe diameter. The developed electrostatic accumulation test system for low-temperature LH

pipe flow provided an important platform support for conducting LH

electrostatic tests. This study validated the feasibility of the electrostatic measurement method for LH

providing design guidance for exploring the electrostatic laws of LH

and the boundary of safe flow velocity.

关键词

Keywords

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