磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的对比及展望

许戈耀; 张尧康; 余浩贤; 陈富城; 胡旭龙; 巫江虹

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.001

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的对比及展望

更新时间：2025-08-28

- 磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的对比及展望
- Comparison and Prospect of Magnetic Heat Pump Cycle and Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle
- 制冷学报 2025年46卷第4期页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  1.华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院　广州　510640
  2.广东海洋大学海洋工程与能源学院　湛江　524088
- 作者简介：
  
  巫江虹，女，教授，华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院，13580467927，E-mail：pmjhwu@scut.edu.cn。研究方向：室温磁制冷、新能源汽车空调及热管理、热泵节能、人工智能在制冷系统的应用。
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52276008)
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.001
  中图分类号： TB61⁺2;O482.6
- 收稿日期：2024-02-10，
  
  修回日期：2024-04-03，
  
  录用日期：2024-06-02，
  
  纸质出版日期：2025-08-16
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
许戈耀, 张尧康, 余浩贤, 等. 磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的对比及展望[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(4):1-12.

Xu Geyao, Zhang Yaokang, Yu Haoxian, et al. Comparison and Prospect of Magnetic Heat Pump Cycle and Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(4): 1-12.
许戈耀, 张尧康, 余浩贤, 等. 磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的对比及展望[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(4):1-12. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.001.

Xu Geyao, Zhang Yaokang, Yu Haoxian, et al. Comparison and Prospect of Magnetic Heat Pump Cycle and Magnetic Refrigeration Cycle[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(4): 1-12. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.001.

摘要

室温磁热泵是磁热效应在室温附近的主要应用方向之一，具有高效、环保、低噪音、低振动的特点。通过磁热泵与磁制冷理论循环对比，验证复叠磁热泵循环在大温跨室温磁热泵上的应用潜力。研究结果表明：实际制热场景对千瓦级制热量和约30 K大温跨的双重要求是室温磁热泵应用的障碍，基于设计应用过程中室温磁热泵与现有室温磁制冷样机的差异，分析了针对大温跨室温磁热泵的磁热材料选择策略与性能评价指标，以帮助研究者明确在已有室温磁制冷的研究基础上，设计应用大温跨室温磁热泵的关键所在，促进对室温磁热泵循环的理解和应用研发。

Abstract

Room-temperature magnetic heat pumps

one of the main applications of the magnetocaloric effect near room temperature

offer high efficiency

environmental protection

low noise

and low vibrations. This study discusses the application potential of a cascade magnetic heat pump cycle with a large temperature span by comparing the theoretical magnetic heat pump and refrigeration cycles. The results show that meeting the kilowatt-level heating capacity and achieving a wide temperature span of approximately 30 K in an actual heating scenario poses challenges to room-temperature magnetic heat pumps. The differences in design and application between the room-temperature magnetic heat pump and the existing room-temperature magnetic refrigeration prototypes are discussed

with a focus on magnetocaloric material selection strategies and performance evaluation indices suited for large temperature spans. The comparative analysis of magnetic heat pumps and magnetic refrigeration in this study also helps researchers to clarify the key to the design and application of large temperature span magnetic heat pumps based on existing research on room-temperature magnetic refrigeration. It promotes the comprehension and application of room-temperature magnetic heat pumps.

关键词

Keywords

references

JOHRA H , FILONENKO K , HEISELBERG P , et al . Integration of a magnetocaloric heat pump in a low-energy residential building [J ] . Building Simulation , 2018 , 11 ( 4 ): 753 - 763 .

PINEDA QUIJANO D , INFANTE FERREIRA C , BRÜCK E . Layering strategies for active magnetocaloric regenerators using MnFePSi for heat pump applications [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2023 , 232 : 120962 .

DALL'OLIO S , MASCHE M , LIANG J , et al . Novel design of a high efficiency multi-bed active magnetic regenerator heat pump [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2021 , 132 : 243 - 254 .

ROWE A . Configuration and performance analysis of magnetic refrigerators [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2011 , 34 ( 1 ): 168 - 177 .

刘敏 , 俞炳丰 . 室温磁制冷活性蓄冷器多孔介质模型及其数值模拟 [J ] . 西安交通大学学报 , 2009 , 43 ( 3 ): 31 - 35 .

( LIU Min , YU Bingfeng . Porous media model for active magnetic regenerator of room temperature magnetic refrigeration and its numerical simulation [J ] . Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University , 2009 , 43 ( 3 ): 31 - 35 .)

TUŠEK J , KITANOVSKI A , PREBIL I , et al . Dynamic operation of an active magnetic regenerator (AMR): numerical optimization of a packed-bed AMR [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2011 , 34 ( 6 ): 1507 - 1517 .

TUŠEK J , KITANOVSKI A , TOMC U , et al . Experimental comparison of multi-layered La-Fe-Co-Si and single-layered Gd active magnetic regenerators for use in a room-temperature magnetic refrigerator [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2014 , 37 : 117 - 126 .

LEI T , ENGELBRECHT K , NIELSEN K K , et al . Study of multi-layer active magnetic regenerators using magnetocaloric materials with first and second order phase transition [J ] . Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics , 2016 , 49 ( 34 ): 345001 .

HAI Peng , SHEN Jun , LI Zhenxing , et al . Influence of different magnetic field profiles on the performance of a rotary magnetic refrigerator [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2023 , 219 : 119561 .

CZERNUSZEWICZ A , GRIFFITH L , SLAUGHTER J , et al . Balancing performance of active magnetic regenerators: a comprehensive experimental study of aspect ratio, particle size, and operating conditions [J ] . Journal of Physics: Energy , 2023 , 5 ( 2 ): 024008 .

LI Zhenxing , LI Ke , GUO Xiaohui , et al . Influence of timing between magnetic field and fluid flow in a rotary magnetic refrigerator [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2021 , 187 : 116477 .

GRIFFITH L , CZERNUSZEWICZ A , SLAUGHTER J , et al . CaloriSMART: small-scale test-stand for rapid evaluation of active magnetic regenerator performance [J ] . Energy Conversion and Management , 2019 , 199 : 111948 .

TREVIZOLI P V , NAKASHIMA A T , PEIXER G F , et al . Performance evaluation of an active magnetic regenerator for cooling applications-part I: experimental analysis and thermodynamic performance [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2016 , 72 : 192 - 205 .

TUŠEK J , KITANOVSKI A , ZUPAN S , et al . A comprehensive experimental analysis of gadolinium active magnetic regenerators [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2013 , 53 ( 1 ): 57 - 66 .

陆必旺 . 室温磁制冷微元回热循环机理及传热研究 [D ] . 广州 : 华南理工大学 , 2019 .

( LU Biwang . Study on regenerative cycle mechanism and heat transfer of room temperature magnetic refrigeration micro-element [D ] . Guangzhou : South China University of Technology , 2019 .)

MASCHE M , LIANG J , DALL'OLIO S , et al . Performance analysis of a high-efficiency multi-bed active magnetic regenerator device [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2021 , 199 : 117569 .

MASCHE M , LIANG J , ENGELBRECHT K , et al . Efficient modulation of the magnetocaloric refrigerator capacity [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2023 , 145 : 59 - 67 .

MASCHE M , LIANG J , ENGELBRECHT K , et al . Improving magnetic cooling efficiency and pulldown by varying flow profiles [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2022 , 215 : 118945 .

NAKASHIMA A T D , FORTKAMP F P , DE SÁ N M , et al . A magnetic wine cooler prototype [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2021 , 122 : 110 - 121 .

吕学先 . 全球首个大容量磁制冷机在包头稀土研究院研制成功 [EB/OL ] . ( 2015-03-30 ) [ 2023-12-26 ] . http://www.cs-re.org.cn/info/a199.html http://www.cs-re.org.cn/info/a199.html .

( LYU Xuexian . The world's first large capacity magnetic refrigerator was successfully developed in Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute [EB/OL ] . ( 2015-03-30 ) [ 2023-12-26 ] . http://www.cs-re.org.cn/info/a199.html http://www.cs-re.org.cn/info/a199.html .)

海尔集团 . 海尔CES展向全球展示颠覆性革新技术 [EB/OL ] . ( 2015-01-09 ) [ 2023-12-30 ] . https://www.haier.com/press-events/news/20150109_134653.shtml?from=search https://www.haier.com/press-events/news/20150109_134653.shtml?from=search .

( Haier . Haier CES Exhibition showcases disruptive innovative technologies to the world [EB/OL ] . ( 2015-01-09 ) [ 2023-12-30 ] . https://www.haier.com/press-events/news/20150109_134653.shtml?from=search https://www.haier.com/press-events/news/20150109_134653.shtml?from=search .)

Cooltech applications launches the first magnetic cooling system for commercial refrigeration [EB/OL ] . ( 2016-06-15 ) [ 2023-12-27 ] . https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160615005178/en/ https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20160615005178/en/ .

JOHRA H , FILONENKO K , HEISELBERG P , et al . Integration of a magnetocaloric heat pump in an energy flexible residential building [J ] . Renewable Energy , 2019 , 136 : 115 - 126 .

水族箱用及类似用途循环水温调节机：GB/T 31306—2014 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2014 .

( Circulating water temperature regulator for aquariums and similar application: GB/T 31306—2014 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2014 .)

家用和类似用途热泵热水器：GB/T 23137—2020 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2020 .

( Heat pump water heater for household and similar application: GB/T 23137—2020 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2020 .)

商业或工业用及类似用途的热泵热水机：GB/T 21362—2023 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2023 .

( Heat pump water heater for commercial & industrial and similar application: GB/T 21362—2023 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2023 .)

玉米干燥技术规范：GB/T 21017—2021 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2021 .

( Technical specifications for maize drying: GB/T 21017—2021 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2021 .)

小麦干燥技术规范：GB/T 21016—2023 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2023 .

( Technical specifications for wheat drying: GB/T 21016—2023 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2023 .)

海尔集团 . 空调匹数与制冷量及适用面积 [EB/OL ] . ( 2020-02-15 ) [ 2023-01-03 ] . https://www.haier.com/support/rcsyjby/air-conditioners/?id=114760&searchWord=%E7%A9%BA%E8%B0%83%20%E5%8C%B9%E6%95%B0&channelId=42439&from=search&spm=cn.group-search_pc.service_20200325.6 https://www.haier.com/support/rcsyjby/air-conditioners/?id=114760&searchWord=%E7%A9%BA%E8%B0%83%20%E5%8C%B9%E6%95%B0&channelId=42439&from=search&spm=cn.group-search_pc.service_20200325.6 .

( Haier . Air conditioning capacity and applicable area [EB/OL ] . ( 2020-02-15 ) [ 2023-01-03 ] . https://www.haier.com/support/rcsyjby/air-conditioners/?id=114760&searchWord=%E7%A9%BA%E8%B0%83%20%E5%8C%B9%E6%95%B0&channelId=42439&from=search&spm=cn.group-search_pc.service_20200325.6 https://www.haier.com/support/rcsyjby/air-conditioners/?id=114760&searchWord=%E7%A9%BA%E8%B0%83%20%E5%8C%B9%E6%95%B0&channelId=42439&from=search&spm=cn.group-search_pc.service_20200325.6 .)

房间空气调节器能效限定值及能效等级：GB 21455—2019 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2019 .

( Minimum allowable values of the energy efficiency and energy efficiency grades for room air conditioners: GB 21455—2019 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2019 .)

房间空气调节器：GB/T 7725—2022 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2022 .

( Room air conditioner: GB/T 7725—2022 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2022 .)

海尔集团 . 天沐CUTE系列60升空气能热水器 [EB/OL ] . ( 2022-05-20 ) [ 2024-01-11 ] . https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20210713_162829.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.5 https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20210713_162829.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.5 .

( Haier . HRE-60P-U1 air-source heat pump heater [EB/OL ] . ( 2022-05-20 ) [ 2024-01-11 ] . https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20210713_162829.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.5 https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20210713_162829.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.5 .)

海尔集团 . 天沐HERO系列300升空气能热水器 [EB/OL ] . ( 2022-05-20 ) [ 2024-01-11 ] . https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20151209_91094.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.11 https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20151209_91094.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.11 .

( Haier . KF110/300-AE5 air-source heat pump heater [EB/OL ] . ( 2022-05-20 ) [ 2024-01-11 ] . https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20151209_91094.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.11 https://www.haier.com/water_heaters/kqnrsq/20151209_91094.shtml?spm=cn.products_pc.product_20220520.11 .)

杜垲 , 张建成 . 半导体制冷机在饮水机中的应用研究 [J ] . 制冷学报 , 2001 , 22 ( 2 ): 51 - 55 .

( DU Kai , ZHANG Jiancheng . Study of the application semiconductor refrigerating element to drinking water device [J ] . Journal of Refrigeration , 2001 , 22 ( 2 ): 51 - 55 .)

BIRKS A . The best aquarium heater brand by type: digital, analog & inline [EB/OL ] . ( 2022-05-27 ) [ 2024-01-12 ] . https://simplyaquarium.com/supplies/heaters-and-chillers/best-aquarium-heater-brand/ https://simplyaquarium.com/supplies/heaters-and-chillers/best-aquarium-heater-brand/ .

冷藏保温车选型技术要求：GB/T 40475—2021 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2021 .

( Technical requirements for lectotype of refrigerated and insulated vehicles: GB/T 40475—2021 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2021 .)

低温医用冷库通用技术要求：GB/T 40939—2021 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2021 .

( General requirements for low temperature medical cold store: GB/T 40939—2021 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2021 .)

连续式粮食干燥机：GB/T 16714—2007 [S ] . 北京 : 中国标准出版社 , 2007 .

( Continuous-flow grain driers: GB/T 16714—2007 [S ] . Beijing : Standards Press of China , 2007 .)

GAO Lei , WANG Pengyu , GUO Yaru , et al . Performance study of a double-regenerator room temperature magnetic refrigerator with 26 ℃ temperature span [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2023 , 148 : 143 - 151 .

ROWE A , TURA A . Experimental investigation of a three-material layered active magnetic regenerator [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2006 , 29 ( 8 ): 1286 - 1293 .

JACOBS S , AURINGER J , BOEDER A , et al . The performance of a large-scale rotary magnetic refrigerator [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2014 , 37 : 84 - 91 .

PEIXER G F , SILVA M C R , LORENZONI A , et al . A magnetocaloric air-conditioning system prototype [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2023 , 151 : 1 - 13 .

GOVINDAPPA P , TREVIZOLI P V , CAMPBELL O , et al . Experimental investigation of MnFeP1- x As x multilayer active magnetic regenerators [J ] . Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics , 2017 , 50 ( 31 ): 315001 .

CHRISTIAANSE T V , TREVIZOLI P V , MISRA S , et al . Experimental study of 2-layer regenerators using Mn-Fe-Si-P materials [J ] . Journal of Physics D Applied Physics , 2018 , 51 ( 10 ): 105002 .

TURA A , ROWE A . Permanent magnet magnetic refrigerator design and experimental characterization [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2011 , 34 ( 3 ): 628 - 639 .

LYUBINA J . Magnetocaloric materials for energy efficient cooling [J ] . Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics , 2017 , 50 ( 5 ): 053002 .

RAM N R , PRAKASH M , NARESH U , et al . Review on magnetocaloric effect and materials [J ] . Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism , 2018 , 31 ( 7 ): 1971 - 1979 .

BALLI M , JANDL S , FOURNIER P , et al . Advanced materials for magnetic cooling: fundamentals and practical aspects [J ] . Applied Physics Reviews , 2017 , 4 ( 2 ): 021305 .

SHEN Baogen , HU Fengxia , DONG Qiaoyan , et al . Magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effects in NaZn 13 -type La (Fe, Al) 13 -based compounds [J ] . Chinese Physics B , 2013 , 22 ( 1 ): 017502 .

BRÜCK E , TEGUS O , CAM THANH D T , et al . A review on Mn based materials for magnetic refrigeration: structure and properties [J ] . International Journal of Refrigeration , 2008 , 31 ( 5 ): 763 - 770 .

HU F X , GAO J , QIAN X L , et al . Magnetocaloric effect in itinerant electron metamagnetic systems La(Fe 1- x Co x ) 11.9 Si 1.1 [J ] . Journal of Applied Physics , 2005 , 97 ( 10 ): 10M303 .

DUNG N H , OU Zhiqiang , CARON L , et al . Mixed magnetism for refrigeration and energy conversion [J ] . Advanced Energy Materials , 2011 , 1 ( 6 ): 1215 - 1219 .

PHAN M H , YU S C . Review of the magnetocaloric effect in manganite materials [J ] . Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials , 2007 , 308 ( 2 ): 325 - 340 .

WANG Fang , CHEN Yuanfu , WANG Guangjun , et al . Large magnetic entropy change and magnetic properties in La (Fe 1- x Mn x ) 11.7 Si 1.3 H y compounds [J ] . Chinese Physics , 2003 , 12 ( 8 ): 911 - 914 .

MASCHE M , LIANG J , ENGELBRECHT K , et al . Performance assessment of a rotary active magnetic regenerator prototype using gadolinium [J ] . Applied Thermal Engineering , 2022 , 204 : 117947 .

CHIBA Y . Experimental and numerical study of the behavior of a multilayer for active magnetic refrigerator based on La-Fe-Co-Si [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Magnetics , 2017 , 53 ( 11 ): 2503404 .

马一太 , 凌泓 . 制冷与热泵产品热力学完善度的原理与实例 [J ] . 流体机械 , 2011 , 39 ( 3 ): 71 - 74 .

( MA Yitai , LING Hong . Principle and examples of thermodynamic perfectibility of refrigeration and heat pump production [J ] . Fluid Machinery , 2011 , 39 ( 3 ): 71 - 74 .)

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

磁热泵循环与磁制冷循环的比较及展望

基于数值分析的复叠式主动磁回热器制热性能研究

室温磁工质与磁制冷机的研究和开发