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1.中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 南京 211106
2. 航空机电系统综合航空科技重点实验室 南京 211106
3. 浙江大学制冷与低温研究所 全省制冷与低温技术重点实验室 杭州 310027
韩晓红,女,教授,博士生导师,浙江大学制冷与低温研究所,0571-87953944,E-mail:hanxh66@zju.edu.cn。研究方向:主要从事高热流散热技术(主要指热管散热、微通道散热及浸没液体冷却技术)、动力电池浸没液冷热管理技术、制冷剂替代技术、制冷剂泄漏与回收及再利用技术。
收稿:2025-08-22,
修回:2026-03-30,
录用:2026-03-30,
网络首发:2026-05-06,
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制冷剂泄漏不仅导致系统性能衰减、能耗上升,更因其高GWP(全球变暖潜值,Global Warming Potential)或可燃性而加剧环境危害与安全风险,亟需发展快速、准确的泄漏检测与诊断方法。本文针对制冷量3.5 kW的家用空调制冷系统,采用模拟仿真方法,定量研究了不同泄漏率下系统各部件关键节点参数及系统性能参数的动态演变规律。在此基础上,提出并构建了一套基于系统建模的制冷剂泄漏检测与诊断方法。该方法旨在利用少量泄漏数据,实现对泄漏状态的程度评估,建立的制冷剂充注存量预测方程,在泄漏率低于12%时,预测误差保持在±5%以内。
Refrigerant leakage from a refrigeration system not only degrades the system performance and increases energy consumption but also aggravates environmental hazards and safety risks because of the high global warming potential or flammability of many refrigerants. Therefore, fast and accurate methods are required to detect and rectify refrigerant leaks. This study focused on a domestic air-conditioning refrigeration system with a cooling capacity of 3.5 kW. Using simulation methods, the dynamic evolution laws of the key node parameters of each component and the system performance parameters under different leakage rates were analyzed quantitatively. Based on the findings, a refrigerant inventory prediction model was developed for the key components. This model, integrated with the operational data, provides a new leakage detection and diagnosis method based on system modeling. This method aims to evaluate the severity of leakage using a small amount of leakage data. The developed refrigerant charge inventory prediction equation maintains the prediction error within ±5% when the leakage rate is below 12%.
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