多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代及润滑油技术发展

贺红霞; 杨昭; 张淑萍

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703002

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多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代及润滑油技术发展

更新时间：2026-03-06

- 多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代及润滑油技术发展
- Advancements in Low-GWP Refrigerant Substitution and Lubricant Technologies for Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems
- 制冷学报 2026年页码：1-11
- 作者机构：
  
  天津大学机械工程学院天津 300072
- 作者简介：
  
  杨昭，女，教授，博士生导师，天津大学机械工程学院，022-87894028，E-mail：zhaoyang@tju.edu.cn。研究方向：新型工质热物性，制冷剂阻燃技术。Yang Zhao，female， professor， Ph. D.， supervisor， School of Mechanical Engineering， Tianjin University， 86-22-87894028，E-mail： zhaoyang@tju.edu.cn. Research fields： the thermophysical properties of new refrigerant and flame retardant technology of refrigerant.
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金(52476015)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703002
  中图分类号： TB61⁺2;TU831.3
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703002
- 收稿：2025-07-03，
  
  修回：2025-08-15，
  
  录用：2025-08-19，
  
  网络首发：2026-03-06，
- 稿件说明：
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贺红霞,杨昭,张淑萍.多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代及润滑油技术发展[J].制冷学报,

He Hongxia Yang Zhao Zhang Shuping.Advancements in Low-GWP Refrigerant Substitution and Lubricant Technologies for Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
贺红霞,杨昭,张淑萍.多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代及润滑油技术发展[J].制冷学报, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703002.

He Hongxia Yang Zhao Zhang Shuping.Advancements in Low-GWP Refrigerant Substitution and Lubricant Technologies for Variable Refrigerant Flow Systems[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703002.

摘要

在全球应对气候变化和加速制冷剂低碳转型的背景下，多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代技术研究已成为制冷空调领域的重要课题。本文系统综述了多联机系统低GWP制冷剂替代技术的研究进展。通过构建“政策-性能-技术”三维分析框架，深入分析了全球主要经济体法规政策对技术路线的影响，评估了R32、R454B等替代制冷剂的热物性特征。研究表明，R32在能效方面较R410A提升2.1%~10.2%，但需加强A2L可燃性管控；R454C等低GWP制冷剂虽满足环保要求，却存在5.9%~7.6%的能效损失。研究重点评述了压缩机优化、润滑油控制、长距离输配等关键技术突破，特别探讨了基于深度学习的智能充注量诊断技术和二次回路系统在降低可燃制冷剂充注量方面的安全解决方案。针对材料可靠性、系统匹配性等挑战，提出了分阶段实施的技术路线。本综述不仅为多联机行业低碳转型提供了系统的理论支撑，同时也为相关政策制定和技术研发方向提供了重要参考。

Abstract

Against the backdrop of global climate change mitigation and the accelerating transition toward low-GWP refrigerants， research on alternative refrigerants for variable refrigerant flow （VRF） systems has emerged as a critical focus in refrigeration and air conditioning. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advances in low-GWP refrigerant replacement technologies for VRF systems. A three-dimensional analytical framework encompassing "policy-performance-technology" was developed to systematically evaluate the influence of regulatory policies in major global economies on technological pathways and to assess the thermophysical properties of alternative refrigerants such as R32 and R454B. The findings indicated that R32 offered a 2.1%-10.2% improvement in energy efficiency compared with R410A although stricter control measures were required because of its A2L flammability classification. In contrast， low-GWP refrigerants， such as R454C， met environmental requirements but resulted in a 5.9%-7.6% decline in energy efficiency. Key technological breakthroughs were reviewed， including compressor optimization， lubricant management， and long-distance refrigerant distribution. Special emphasis was placed on safety-enhancing solutions such as intelligent refrigerant charge diagnostics based on deep learning and the application of secondary loop systems to reduce the charge of flammable refrigerants. To address the challenges related to material compatibility and system integration， a phased implementation roadmap was proposed. This review provided a systematic theoretical foundation for the low-carbon transition of the VRF industry and offered valuable insights for future policymaking and technology development.

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