Heating Performance of Pit Thermal Energy Storage with Multimode Power-to-Heat Conversion Using Curtailed PV Power

Jia Shangdong; Wang Dengjia; Chen Yaowen; Zhang Ruichao; Mo Zhelong; Gao Meng; Yuan Xipeng; Haile Shuai

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260819001

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Heating Performance of Pit Thermal Energy Storage with Multimode Power-to-Heat Conversion Using Curtailed PV Power

更新时间：2026-10-09

- Heating Performance of Pit Thermal Energy Storage with Multimode Power-to-Heat Conversion Using Curtailed PV Power
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-10(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.绿色建筑全国重点实验室西安 710055
  2. 西安建筑科技大学建筑设备科学与工程学院西安 710055
  3. 西藏自治区能源研究示范中心拉萨 850015
  4. 贵州中建建筑科研设计院有限公司贵阳 550006
- 作者简介：
  
  Wang Dengjia， male， professor， State Key Laboratory of Green Building， Institute for Interdisciplinary Innovation Research， Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology， 86-13279455510， E-mail： wangdengjia@xauat.edu.cn. Research fields： renewable energy thermal utilization and building energy efficiency.
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52525801;U24A20161)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260819001
  CLC： TK513.5;TU832
- Received：19 August 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-09-02，
  
  Accepted：07 September 2026，
  
  Online First：09 October 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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贾尚东，王登甲，陈耀文，等. 光伏场弃电多模式电热转换埋地水体蓄热供暖性能［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10.

Jia Shangdong，Wang Dengjia，Chen Yaowen，et al. Heating Performance of Pit Thermal Energy Storage with Multimode Power-to-Heat Conversion Using Curtailed PV Power［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10.
贾尚东，王登甲，陈耀文，等. 光伏场弃电多模式电热转换埋地水体蓄热供暖性能［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260819001.

Jia Shangdong，Wang Dengjia，Chen Yaowen，et al. Heating Performance of Pit Thermal Energy Storage with Multimode Power-to-Heat Conversion Using Curtailed PV Power［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260819001.

摘要

基于埋地水体储热的光伏弃电热转换蓄热供暖技术是促进新能源消纳与清洁供暖协同发展的潜在路径。本文基于TRNSYS-MATLAB联合仿真平台，构建电极锅炉（S1）、空气源热泵（S2）及联合系统（S3）3种光伏弃电电热转换PTES供暖系统，分析系统能流、蓄放热边界、水体热分层、热损失及蓄热效率。结果表明：3种系统供暖贡献差异主要体现在PTES放热及辅助热源补热环节，弃电供热保证率分别为82.9%、80.7%和84.2%；定温变流量控制下，弃电波动主要引起循环流量变化，多模式设备切换还会造成蓄热温度波动；供暖期平均MIX数分别为0.276、0.273和0.298，水体保持较明显的热分层；运行初期侧壁热损失占比较高，随土壤热积累逐步转为顶部散热主导；第1运行年蓄热效率分别为91.49%、88.11%和88.97%。研究表明，PTES能够适应光伏弃电电热转换形成的动态运行边界，并有效参与弃电消纳与建筑供暖，但容量设计仍需进一步考虑逐时弃电—负荷匹配及实际运行约束。

Abstract

Objective

Power-to-heat conversion coupled with pit thermal energy storage （PTES） is a potential pathway toward utilizing curtailed photovoltaic （PV） electricity for clean heating. This study evaluated the performance of a PTES system under different power-to-heat configurations driven by curtailed PV power.

Methods

A TRNSYS-MATLAB coupled model was developed for three systems： an electrode boiler system （S1）， an air-source heat pump system （S2）， and a combined system （S3）. Two consecutive years of operation were simulated under variable-flow control， while maintaining a constant temperature. The system energy flows， charging/discharging boundaries， water thermal stratification， heat losses， and thermal storage efficiency were analyzed.

Results and Discussion

The differences in heating contribution among the three systems mainly stemmed from the PTES discharge and auxiliary heat supply， with the curtailed-PV heating guarantee fractions reaching 82.9%， 80.7%， and 84.2% in S1， S2， and S3， respectively. Fluctuations in the curtailed PV power were mainly reflected by circulation-flow variations， whereas equipment switching in S3 also caused fluctuations in the charging temperature. The mean MIX numbers during the heating period were 0.276， 0.273， and 0.298 for S1， S2， and S3， respectively， revealing pronounced thermal stratification under the investigated conditions. The sidewall heat loss accounted for a relatively large proportion during the initial operating period， and the top-cover heat loss gradually became dominant as heat accumulated in the surrounding soil. The first-year thermal storage efficiencies were 91.49%， 88.11%， and 88.97% for S1， S2， and S3， respectively.

Conclusions

PTES can accommodate the dynamic charging boundaries associated with curtailed-PV power-to-heat conversion and thus effectively contribute to both PV-curtailment utilization and building heating. However， the discrepancy between the steady-state capacity design and the dynamic operating performance indicates that future system sizing should account for hourly curtailed-PV–load matching and practical operating constraints.

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references

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