Study on Refrigerant Replacement for Cascade Refrigeration Systems in Small and Medium-Scale Cold Store

He Yongning; Wang Su′ao; Zhao Xihang; Qiu Mingzhao; Cao Wenliang; Zhang Zhenya; Xing Linfen

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250707001

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Study on Refrigerant Replacement for Cascade Refrigeration Systems in Small and Medium-Scale Cold Store

更新时间：2026-01-21

- Study on Refrigerant Replacement for Cascade Refrigeration Systems in Small and Medium-Scale Cold Store
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-9(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.郑州轻工业大学能源与动力工程学院郑州 450000
  2. 郑州长城科工贸有限公司郑州 450041
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(252300420074);Key Technological Breakthrough Projects for Major Industries in Henan Province(251000110100)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250707001
  CLC： TB657;TB64
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250707001
- Received：07 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-14，
  
  Accepted：22 September 2025，
  
  Published Online：04 January 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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何永宁,王苏澳,赵希航等.中小型冷库用复叠系统制冷剂替代研究[J].制冷学报,

He Yongning,Wang Su′ao,Zhao Xihang,et al.Study on Refrigerant Replacement for Cascade Refrigeration Systems in Small and Medium-Scale Cold Store[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
何永宁,王苏澳,赵希航等.中小型冷库用复叠系统制冷剂替代研究[J].制冷学报, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250707001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250707001.

He Yongning,Wang Su′ao,Zhao Xihang,et al.Study on Refrigerant Replacement for Cascade Refrigeration Systems in Small and Medium-Scale Cold Store[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250707001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250707001.

摘要

中小型冷库在国民生活中发挥重要作用，使用量巨大，冷库用制冷机组的低碳化运行意义重大。复叠制冷机组可满足冷库对低温和高能效运行需求，在用的R134a/CO

复叠式系统性能表现良好。随着制冷剂使用政策的进一步收紧，寻找更低GWP的制冷剂具有重要意义。本文选取R515B、R513A、R449A、R448A和R450A替代传统制冷剂R134a，通过热力学、㶲、环境与经济维度开展性能综合评价。结果表明：在蒸发温度为-50 ℃时，R515B、R513A与R450A在COP及压缩机功耗方面与R134a相当，R515B高温级排气温度下降9.97 ℃，运行稳定性提升显著。与R134a相比，在冷凝温度为50 ℃时，R450A㶲效率减小0.41%，㶲损失增加1.38%。R450A直接碳排放较R134a减少57.86%。R450A热力学性能接近R134a，基于能效、㶲、环境与经济性4个维度分析，其综合能源利用率最优。

Abstract

Small- and medium-scale cold stores， which are widely used， play important roles in daily life. The low-carbon operation of the refrigeration units used in cold stores is of great significance. Cascade refrigeration systems， which achieve low temperatures， exhibit high energy efficiency. The R134a/CO₂ cascade system， in particular， performs well. With the tightening of refrigerant regulations， the exploration of low-GWP refrigerants has become increasingly important. In the study， the refrigerants R515B， R513A， R449A， R448A， and R450A were selected as alternatives to R134a， and their performance was evaluated in terms of energy， exergy， environmental， and economic factors. At an evaporation temperature of -50 ℃， R515B， R513A， and R450A achieved coefficients of performance and compressor powers similar to those of R134a. R515B reduced the high-stage discharge temperature by 9.97 ℃， improving system stability. Relative to R134a， at a condensation temperature of 50 ℃， R450A achieved a 0.41% reduction in exergy efficiency and a 1.38% increase in exergy loss. R450A reduced direct carbon emissions by 57.86%. The thermodynamic performance of R450A was close to that of R134a， and its comprehensive energy utilization rate was optimal， based on analysis of energy efficiency， exergy， environmental， and economic factors.

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