Dynamic Characteristics and Thermodynamic Constraint Mechanisms of Non-Supplementary-Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage Driven by Fluctuating Wind and Solar Power

Zhang Yuchen Song Yulong Yu Qingsheng Chang Tianliang Cui Ce Cao feng

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703001

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Dynamic Characteristics and Thermodynamic Constraint Mechanisms of Non-Supplementary-Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage Driven by Fluctuating Wind and Solar Power

更新时间：2026-01-21

- Dynamic Characteristics and Thermodynamic Constraint Mechanisms of Non-Supplementary-Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage Driven by Fluctuating Wind and Solar Power
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-10(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703001
  CLC： TK02;TB61⁺1
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703001
- Received：03 July 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-08，
  
  Accepted：15 October 2025，
  
  Published Online：19 January 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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张雨辰,宋昱龙,蔚清盛等.风光波动直驱的非补燃压缩空气储能动态特性及热力学约束机制研究[J].制冷学报,

Zhang Yuchen Song Yulong Yu Qingsheng Chang Tianliang Cui Ce Cao feng.Dynamic Characteristics and Thermodynamic Constraint Mechanisms of Non-Supplementary-Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage Driven by Fluctuating Wind and Solar Power[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
张雨辰,宋昱龙,蔚清盛等.风光波动直驱的非补燃压缩空气储能动态特性及热力学约束机制研究[J].制冷学报, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703001.

Zhang Yuchen Song Yulong Yu Qingsheng Chang Tianliang Cui Ce Cao feng.Dynamic Characteristics and Thermodynamic Constraint Mechanisms of Non-Supplementary-Fired Compressed Air Energy Storage Driven by Fluctuating Wind and Solar Power[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250703001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250703001.

摘要

为研究新能源输入的波动性对非补燃式压缩空气储能系统动态特性的影响，从功率波动输入-压缩机动态响应-储释能耦合的压缩空气储能系统全过程仿真入手，构建了光伏+风电耦合驱动的非补燃蓄热式CAES全工况动态仿真模型。基于Davenport风速谱与傅里叶变换生成湍流风速序列，结合光伏功率构建秒级波动输入电源，驱动多级压缩机组；通过移动平均法提取参数趋势，揭示系统在波动激励下的动态响应机理。研究结果表明：输入功率±31.66%扰动会引发压缩机转速±8.6%、压比±13.39%的剧烈波动，并导致单级排气温度最大升高153.08 K，级间换热器油温同步波动达38.2 K；储气罐与高温储热罐表现出显著的热力学惯性效应，验证了后端储能单元的扰动滤波能力；受非补燃限制，透平级间再热温度无法突破储热介质温度上限，膨胀比从4.447降至1.470时，透平排气温度升至513.1 K，导致18.3 t高压空气（2.133 MPa）无法有效做功。研究揭示了新能源波动下压缩空气储能系统多时间尺度动态耦合机制，为提升系统变工况适应性与热力学优化提供了理论支撑。

Abstract

To investigate the impact of renewable-energy input fluctuations on the dynamic characteristics of compressed air energy-storage systems， this study developed a full-range dynamic simulation model of a non-supplementary-fired thermal storage compressed air energy storage （CAES） system driven by coupled photovoltaic and wind-power sources. Turbulent wind-speed sequences were generated based on the Davenport wind-speed spectrum and Fourier transform and combined with the PV power to construct a second-level fluctuating power input for driving a multistage compressor unit. Parameter trends were extracted using the moving-average method to reveal the dynamic response mechanisms of the system under fluctuating excitations. The results indicated that input power disturbances of ±31.66% induced severe fluctuations in the compressor speed （±8.6%） and pressure ratio （±13.39%）， accompanied by a maximum temperature rise of 153.08 K in the single-stage exhaust gas and synchronous oil temperature fluctuations of 38.2 K in the interstage heat exchangers. The air and high-temperature thermal storage tanks exhibited significant thermodynamic inertia effects， validating the disturbance-filtering capability of the downstream energy-storage units. Because of the non-supplementary-fired constraints， the interstage reheating temperature of the turbines could not exceed the upper limit of the thermal-storage medium temperature. When the expansion ratio decreased from 4.447 to 1.470， the turbine exhaust temperature increased to 513.1 K， rendering 18.3 t of high-pressure air （2.133 MPa） incapable of effective work output. This study elucidated the multi-timescale dynamic coupling mechanisms of CAES under renewable-energy fluctuations， providing theoretical support for enhancing the system adaptability under variable operating conditions and guiding thermodynamic optimization.

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