Research on the Applicability and Failure Mechanism of Decoupling Models for Multiple Concurrent Faults in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems

Zhao Xinxiang; Liu Jiangyan; Pang Yuan; Liu Bin; Li Kuining

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250520001

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Research on the Applicability and Failure Mechanism of Decoupling Models for Multiple Concurrent Faults in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems

更新时间：2026-10-13

- Research on the Applicability and Failure Mechanism of Decoupling Models for Multiple Concurrent Faults in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 5, Pages: 14-22(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.重庆大学能源与动力工程学院重庆 400030
  2. 重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院重庆 400044
- 作者简介：
  
  Liu Jiangyan， male， associate professor， School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering， Chongqing Jiaotong University， 86-17723893589， E-mail liujiangyan@cqjtu.edu.cn. Research fields： fault detection and diagnosis technology of refrigeration and air conditioning system.
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52406008)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250520001
  CLC： TU831.4;TP306⁺.3
- Received：20 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-05-30，
  
  Accepted：21 August 2025，
  
  Published：16 October 2026
- 稿件说明：
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赵鑫祥,刘江岩,庞源等.制冷空调多重并发故障解耦模型适用性及失效机理研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(05):14-22.

Zhao Xinxiang,Liu Jiangyan,Pang Yuan,et al.Research on the Applicability and Failure Mechanism of Decoupling Models for Multiple Concurrent Faults in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(05):14-22.
赵鑫祥,刘江岩,庞源等.制冷空调多重并发故障解耦模型适用性及失效机理研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(05):14-22. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250520001.

Zhao Xinxiang,Liu Jiangyan,Pang Yuan,et al.Research on the Applicability and Failure Mechanism of Decoupling Models for Multiple Concurrent Faults in Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(05):14-22. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250520001.

摘要

本文开展了制冷空调制冷剂不足、制冷剂过量充注、冷凝器脏污、蒸发器脏污等故障在不同故障数量、严重等级耦合下的多重并发故障实验，研究了基于虚拟制冷剂充注量、虚拟空气流量的故障解耦模型的适用性。提出了基于贝叶斯分类的故障解耦阈值构建方法，定量评估了不同故障双重、三重耦合下的解耦精度。结果表明：制冷剂不足、制冷剂过量充注需分别解耦，解耦精度可达100%，但实际应用时模型混用易导致误诊；虚拟空气流量对冷凝器脏污、蒸发器脏污单故障，并发故障的识别精度高于94.38%，但难以辨识具体故障等级。制冷剂严重不足时换热器出口不饱和引起工质参数剧烈变化会导致换热器脏污故障的解耦失效。制冷剂过量充注下冷凝温度升高、内外工质温差增大等，亦引起虚拟空气流量计算误差增大，换热器脏污的解耦精度显著降低。

Abstract

This study performs multiple simultaneous fault （MSF） experiments on refrigeration and air-conditioning systems， including refrigerant undercharge （RU）， refrigerant overcharge （RO）， condenser fouling （CF）， and evaporator fouling （EF）， under conditions that include various combinations of fault types and severity levels. Fault-decoupling models based on the virtual refrigerant charge and virtual airflow rate are evaluated. In addition， a Bayesian classification-based approach for establishing fault-decoupling thresholds is proposed， and the decoupling accuracy under different double- and triple-fault combinations is quantitatively assessed. The results demonstrate that RU and RO should be decoupled separately to achieve a decoupling accuracy of 100%. However， the practical application of mixed models often leads to misdiagnoses. The virtual airflow rate model achieved a decoupling accuracy exceeding 94.38% for single faults and MSFs related to CF and EF. However， it failed to distinguish specific fault severity levels. Further， under severe RU conditions， two-phase refrigerant at heat exchanger outlets significantly impacted working fluid parameters， leading to the failure of decoupling fouling faults. Moreover， RO increased the condensation temperature and widened the temperature differential between fluids inside and outside the heat exchangers， resulting in larger calculation errors for the virtual airflow rate and a substantially reduced decoupling accuracy.

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references

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