Optimal Investigation on the Thermal Management of Battery Based on a Bionic Shark Scale Structure

Xiao Xin Xu Wenqiang

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250502001

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Optimal Investigation on the Thermal Management of Battery Based on a Bionic Shark Scale Structure

更新时间：2026-08-06

- Optimal Investigation on the Thermal Management of Battery Based on a Bionic Shark Scale Structure
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 4, Pages: 54-61(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  东华大学环境科学与工程学院空气环境与建筑节能研究所上海 201620
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250502001
  CLC： TM912;TB34
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250502001
- Received：02 May 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-06-09，
  
  Accepted：27 June 2025，
  
  Published：16 August 2026
- 稿件说明：
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肖鑫,许文强.基于鲨鱼鱼鳞结构仿生的电池热管理优化研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(04):54-61.

Xiao Xin Xu Wenqiang.Optimal Investigation on the Thermal Management of Battery Based on a Bionic Shark Scale Structure[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(04):54-61.
肖鑫,许文强.基于鲨鱼鱼鳞结构仿生的电池热管理优化研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(04):54-61. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250502001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250502001.

Xiao Xin Xu Wenqiang.Optimal Investigation on the Thermal Management of Battery Based on a Bionic Shark Scale Structure[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(04):54-61. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250502001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250502001.

摘要

为强化电动汽车电池热管理的散热效果，本文提出了一种仿生鲨鱼鳞片结构用于优化相变材料散热片，并耦合轴向风冷对电池进行控温。在完成电池发热特性实验后，构筑三维模型，模拟对比研究了自然对流、风冷、风冷耦合PCM及风冷耦合仿生学优化PCM的电池散热情况。结果表明：在2 C放电倍率情况下，风冷耦合仿生学优化的PCM电池温升仅为纯自然对流的33.6%，电池表面平均温度为41.8 ℃，可将电池控制在合适温度范围。且仿生学结构可使风道进出口压降降低4%，有效减少风机能耗。

Abstract

To improve heat dissipation in the thermal management of batteries for electric vehicles， this study proposes a bionic structure based on shark scales. The design optimizes a phase-change material （PCM） heat sink in conjunction with axial air cooling to regulate battery temperature. Based on performance tests of the battery， a three-dimensional model was built to investigate and compare the heat dissipation of the battery under different conditions， including natural convection， forced convection， forced convection coupled with PCM， and forced convection coupled with bionics-optimized PCM. The results indicate that the temperature rise of the battery with the forced convection coupled with bionics-optimized PCM is only 33.6% of that with natural convection at a 2 C discharge rate， and the average temperature of the battery is 41.8 °C， which keeps the battery within a suitable temperature range. In addition， the bionic structure can reduce the pressure drop at the inlet and outlet by 4% compared with the traditional method.

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references

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Xu Wenqiang . Research on optimization of shark-like structure for flexible composite phase change materials and battery thermal management system coupled with air cooling ［D］. Shanghai ： Donghua University ， 2025 .

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