| 摘要: |
| 应对新能源汽车复杂应用环境和应用需求，润滑油是影响跨临界CO2热泵空调性能、可靠性的关键因素。油品及油充注量对于充分发挥系统性能，保障系统安全稳定运行具有重要作用。讨论了跨临界CO2汽车热泵空调中润滑油的作用与影响。总结了应用于CO2汽车热泵空调的几种常用润滑油，并对各种润滑油的各项应用性能进行了对比。分析了加入润滑油对跨临界CO2热泵空调系统中各部件性能产生的作用与影响，以及对空调系统整体性能的影响。润滑油在压缩机中起到减小运动件磨损和工作噪声，防止制冷剂泄漏和排温过高等作用，但过量的油积聚于压缩腔中会导致容积效率降低和功耗升高；在换热器及管路中，油在流动壁面上形成的油膜增大了流动流阻及换热热阻，同时油在蒸发器中起到抑制核态沸腾和气泡扰动的效果，对换热起到恶化作用。总结了相关领域现有研究成果与结论，并对领域内关键研究方向进行了展望。 |
| 关键词: 润滑油 CO2 汽车空调 油循环率 |
| DOI： |
| Received:March 16, 2023Revised:June 08, 2023 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Research Progress of Influencing Characteristics of Lubricating Oil in Transcritical CO2 Automotive Air Conditioner |
|
Zhang Shucheng, Yin Xiang, Song Yulong, Yang Xu, Cao Feng
|
| (School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University) |
| Abstract: |
| Lubricating oil is a key factor affecting the performance and reliability of transcritical CO2 heat pump air conditioners dealing with complicated application environments and the requirements of new energy vehicles. The type of oil products and the amount of charged oil play an important role in maintaining high performance and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the system. This study discusses the function and influence of lubricating oil in transcritical CO2 automotive heat-pump air conditioners. Several common lubricating oils used in CO2 automobile heat-pump air conditioners are summarized, and the performance of each lubricating oil is compared. The effects of adding lubricating oil on the performance of each component and the overall performance of the transcritical CO2 heat-pump air-conditioning system are analyzed. Lubricating oil reduces the abrasion and working noise of moving parts and prevents refrigerant leakage and excessive discharge temperature in the compressor. However, excessive oil accumulation in the compression chamber leads to reduced volumetric efficiency and increases power consumption. In the heat exchanger and pipeline, the oil slick that forms on the heat exchanger wall increases the flow resistance and thermal resistance. Simultaneously, oil has an effect of restraining nuclear boiling and bubble disturbance in the evaporator, which deteriorates two-phase heat transfer. Finally, the existing research results, conclusions, and key research directions in related fields are discussed. |
| Key words: lubricating oil CO2 automotive air conditioning oil circulation rate |
