| 摘要: |
| 为探究车辆环境温度对驾驶人认知能力的影响机制，本文搭建了车辆模拟驾驶平台，研究了不同环境温度(20、23、26、30 ℃)下驾驶人的生理参数、心理感受及认知能力的变化规律。结果表明：随环境温度的升高，驾驶人认知能力下降，心率显著上升，热感觉、热舒适与脑力负荷得分增加，环境接受度、工作满意度与工作意愿得分降低。在20 ℃时，认知能力测试用时更短，错误次数更少，驾驶人能够保持较高的认知能力；在23 ℃时，驾驶人主观热舒适度达到最佳；在车辆环境温度超过26 ℃时，应注意手心、前额和背部的防汗保护。因此，为达到较高的认知能力和热舒适，车辆环境温度应保持在20~23 ℃之间。研究成果可以为车辆驾驶舱环境温度标准设计和安全驾驶提供参考。 |
| 关键词: 汽车乘员舱 热环境 认知能力 人体热舒适度 生理反应 |
| DOI： |
| Received:September 19, 2022Revised:November 08, 2022 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effects of Vehicle Cabin Temperature on Driver Cognitive Abilities |
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Zhai Yingni1,2, Wang Xianglin1, Niu Haobo1, Wang Xinta1
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| (1.School of Mechanical & Engineering Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology;2.State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology) |
| Abstract: |
| To investigate the mechanism of vehicle cabin temperature on driver cognitive ability, a vehicle simulation driving platform was built. The driver's physiological parameters, psychological feelings, and cognitive ability were investigated at different cabin temperatures (20 ℃, 23 ℃, 26 ℃, and 30 ℃). The results showed that the cognitive ability of the driver decreased with an increase in cabin temperature. Heart rate increased significantly, and the thermal sensation, thermal comfort, and brain load scores increased; the environmental acceptability, job satisfaction, and job willingness scores decreased. At 20 ℃, the completion time of the cognitive ability test was the shortest, the number of errors was the smallest, and drivers maintained high cognitive ability. At 23 ℃, the driver’s subjective thermal comfort was the best. When the vehicle cabin temperature exceeded 26 ℃, drivers began sweating on their palms, forehead, and back. Therefore, for better cognitive performance and thermal comfort, the vehicle cabin temperature should be maintained at 20–23 ℃. These research results can provide a reference for temperature standards in vehicle cabin design for safe driving. |
| Key words: vehicle cabin thermal environment cognitive ability thermal comfort physiological reaction |
