| 摘要: |
| 冷却系统在保证数据中心可靠运行的同时消耗了大量能量，为了助力数据中心碳中和，充分挖掘冷却系统节能潜力，对数据中心冷却系统能效进行评价很有必要。行业内对冷却系统的评价指标较多，本文调研了国内外现行数据中心标准及文献中的数据中心冷却系统相关能效评价指标，从电能使用效率及其衍生冷却系统相关指标、数据中心冷却系统用性能指标、数据中心冷源设备用性能指标三个角度对相关指标进行研究，介绍了不同指标的计算方法及计算内容，并分析了各指标的优缺点。通过对比得出：电能使用效率（PUE）及其冷却系统相关衍生指标不能准确反映数据中心运行维护技术上的水平；对于实际运行的数据中心冷却系统能效评价，全年综合性能系数(GCOPA)较为适用；对于中国数据中心冷水机组的使用及年度运行指标而言，全年性能系数(ACOP)的计算方法更为客观，适用性更广。 |
| 关键词: 数据中心 冷却系统 能效 性能指标 |
| DOI： |
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| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2020YFF0218600)和国家自然科学基金
(52076085) |
|
| Review of Energy Efficiency Evaluation Indexes Related to Data Center Cooling Systems |
|
Wang Bo1, Guo Yanhua1, Shao Shuangquan1, Tu Qiu2, Li Qianli3
|
| (1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology;2.Ningbo Institute of Technology Construction Environment and Energy Application Engineering Department;3.Hangzhou Zhouju Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.) |
| Abstract: |
| Cooling systems consume a significant amount of energy to ensure the reliable operation of data centers. To help data centers achieve carbon neutrality and fully utilize the energy-saving potential of the cooling system, the energy efficiency of data center cooling systems should be evaluated. Many evaluation indexes of these cooling systems are used in the industry. In this study, the energy efficiency evaluation indexes of data center cooling systems presented in the current standards and literature are investigated, and the related indexes are explored as follows: electric energy utilization efficiency and related indexes of derivative cooling systems, performance indexes of data center cooling systems, and performance indexes of data center cold source equipment. The calculation methods and components of different indexes are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of each index are analyzed. Comparative experiments reveal that the power usage effectiveness(PUE) and related derivative indexes of the cooling systems cannot accurately reflect the technical level of the operation and maintenance of the data center. For the energy efficiency evaluation of the actual data center cooling systems, the annual general coefficient of performance(GCOPA) is applicable. For the annual operation index of chillers in Chinese data centers, the annual coefficient of performance(ACOP) is applicable. |
| Key words: data center cooling system energy efficiency performance index |
