| 摘要: |
| 开发CO2跨临界汽车热泵，是解决R134a汽车热泵在低温环境下制热量不足、无法正常工作问题的有效措施。本文理论分析了影响CO2汽车热泵性能的关键因素，在最低为﹣20 ℃的环境下实验研究了CO2汽车热泵的性能。结果表明：开发的CO2汽车热泵系统在低温环境下稳定运行，具有较好的制热性能；在相同压缩机转速条件下，室内进风温度对制热COP(COPh)影响更大，室外环境温度对制热量影响更大；在﹣20 ℃环境冷启动工况下COPh可达到3.15、制热量为3.6 kW；进风（Tg,a,in）和出风（Tg,a,out）温度分别为20 ℃和40 ℃时，COPh最低为1.72。因此，与R134a相比，CO2车用热泵系统的低温制热性能有显著的优势，该系统在电动汽车上具有较好的应用潜力。 |
| 关键词: 汽车热泵 制热性能测试 CO2制冷剂 跨临界循环 电动汽车 |
| DOI： |
| Received:March 19, 2017 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Development and Performance Evaluation of CO2 Automotive Heat Pump System Applied to ﹣20 ℃ Environment |
|
Wang Dandong1,2, Zhang Ke1, Yu Binbin1, Hu Jichao1, Chen Liang1, Shi Junye1,2, Chen Jiangping1,2
|
| (1.Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University;2.Shanghai High Efficient Cooling System Research Center) |
| Abstract: |
| Automotive heat pump systems with the R134a refrigerant cannot provide sufficient heating capacity and even stop working in a low ambient temperature. Developing a transcritical CO2 automotive heat pump system would be an effective method to solve this problem. This study theoretically analyzed the impacts of key factors on the performance of a CO2 heat pump system, and experimentally investigated the developed heat pump in a ﹣20 ℃ environment. Experimental results showed that the developed heat pump system ran stably at low temperatures and had a good heating performance. Under the same compressor speed, the indoor environment temperature had a greater impact on the heating coefficient of performance (COPh)), while the outdoor environment temperature had a greater impact on the heating capacity. Under a cold condition at ﹣20 ℃, the COP reached 3.15 and the heating capacity reached 3.6 kW. When the indoor inlet and outlet air temperatures are 20 ℃ and 40 ℃, respectively, the COPh was at least 1.72. Therefore, compared to R134a, the CO2 heat pump system has a great heating performance in a low temperature environment, and thus has good application potential for electric vehicles. |
| Key words: heating performance experiment automotive heat pump CO2 refrigerant transcritical cycle electric vehicle |
