| 摘要: |
| 斯特林制冷机具有运动部件少，无需润滑油，制冷过程无相变，制冷温度范围大，制冷量方便可调和制冷效率高等优点，在商用/民用制冷系统中具有广阔的应用前景。为满足用户低温冰箱高端化需求，本文研制了一台蒸气压缩和斯特林机联合制冷的多温区冰箱，开展了斯特林制冷机性能测试、散热和导冷结构设计优化及斯特林冰箱的整机性能研究，分析了输入功率和环境温度对斯特林制冷机性能的影响。结果表明：随着斯特林制冷机冷端温度的增加，其输出制冷量和COP均不断增加；增大输入功率可以有效增加输出制冷量，但COP略有降低。在环境温度43 ℃下，斯特林制冷机在冷端温度为-60 ℃时可输出制冷量为28.97 W，COP为0.37。本文还提出了基于热管技术的斯特林制冷冰箱的冷热端传热结构，仿真结果表明本文提出的散热导冷结构均可满足系统设计要求。最后，开展了斯特林制冷冰箱实验性能测试，32 ℃环境温度下的空载测试实验表明，低温室降温耗时相比冷冻室缩短28%；在43 ℃环境温度下，冰箱稳定运行后低温室平均温度可达-64.5 ℃，斯特林制冷机和整机耗电量分别为2.33 kW?h/d和4.13 kW?h/d。 |
| 关键词: 斯特林制冷机 冰箱 低温 耗电量 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2023-01-18 修订日期：2023-03-12
录用日期：2023-03-22 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（52006164，5227601）资助项目。 |
|
| Application and Validation of Stirling Cryocoolers in Domestic Refrigerators |
| Li Jing,Liu Qingshan,Yang Peng,Liu Yingwen |
| (School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University) |
| Abstract: |
| Stirling cryocoolers have the advantages of fewer moving parts, oil-free, single-phase heat transfer, a large refrigeration temperature range, convenient and adjustable refrigeration capacity, and high refrigeration efficiency. Therefore, they have broad application prospects in commercial and domestic refrigeration systems. To meet the demands of low-temperature refrigerators, this study developed a multi-temperature zone refrigerator with a vapor compression refrigeration system and a Stirling cryocooler. The performance of the Stirling cryocooler was tested. The designs of the heat dissipation and cooling conduction structures were optimized, and the refrigerator’s overall performance was examined. Moreover, the influences of input power and ambient temperature on the performance of the Stirling cryocooler were investigated. The results showed that the cooling output and coefficient of performance (COP) of the Stirling cryocooler increased with an increase in the cold-end temperature, and increasing the input power provided a higher cooling capacity but decreased the COP. Under an ambient temperature of 43 °C, the cooling capacity of the Stirling cryocooler was 28.97 W with a COP of 0.37 when the cold-end temperature was -60 °C. Heat transfer structures at the cold and hot ends of the Stirling cryocooler based on heat-pipe technology were also proposed, and the simulation showed that the proposed structures for heat dissipation and cooling conduction met the system design requirements. Finally, an experimental test of refrigerator performance was conducted. A no-load experiment at an ambient temperature of 32 °C showed that the pull-down time of the low-temperature room was 28% shorter than that of the freezer room. Under an ambient temperature of 43 °C, the low-temperature room reached an average temperature of -64.5 °C, and the power consumptions of the Stirling cryocooler and refrigerator were 2.33 kW?h/d and 4.13 kW?h/d, respectively. |
| Key words: Stirling cryocooler refrigerator low temperature power consumption |
