摘要: |
本文研发了一种由蒸气压缩制冷和分离式热管集成的自然冷却/蒸气压缩复合制冷空调系统,分别采用第一工质和由液泵驱动的第二工质进行循环。该系统具有蒸汽压缩制冷、复合制冷和自然冷却3种运行模式,高温季节压缩制冷提供全部冷量,过渡季节压缩制冷补充自然冷却不足的制冷量,低温季节自然冷却提供全部冷量。同时,研制了复合制冷系统样机HKF-200FH,其压缩制冷回路由3个独立的制冷单元并联,并与热管环路通过壳管式蒸发冷凝器相连。蒸发冷凝器的管程作为压缩制冷回路的蒸发器,在压缩制冷模式和复合制冷模式下为通过壳程的第二工质提供冷量。对样机性能进行了实验测试,结果显示:随着室外温度降低,复合系统的制冷量变化较小,能效比EER逐渐升高;压缩制冷模式(环境温度35 ℃)和自然冷却模式(环境温度10 ℃)下机组的制冷量分别为197.38 kW和196.89 kW,EER分别为3.5和15.3。2台系统样机自2014年5月在北京某“EB级云存储实验室”空调示范工程安全可靠的运行至今,监测结果显示,相比传统压缩制冷系统年节能率约为45%,节能优势显著。 |
关键词: 数据中心空调 自然冷却 复合制冷 节能 热管 |
DOI: |
Received:January 29, 2018Revised:May 28, 2018 |
基金项目: |
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Research on an Integrated System of Free Cooling and Vapor Compression Refrigeration |
Wang Tiejun1, Hu Liwen1, Zeng Xiaocheng2, Yang Lei1, Shen Weidong3, Lü Jixiang1, Wang Jun2
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(1.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Hefei University of Technology;2.Yangzi Group Chuzhou Yangzi Air Conditioner Co., Ltd.;3.Sugon Information Industry (Beijing) Co., Ltd.) |
Abstract: |
A free cooling/vapor compression integrated air-conditioning system, which combines vapor compression refrigeration and a separate heat pipe, was proposed in this study. A first coolant and liquid-pump-driven second coolant are circulated throughout the system. The integrated system can operate on three modes: vapor compression refrigeration, dual refrigeration, and free cooling. In hot seasons, the refrigerating capacity is entirely provided by the vapor compression refrigeration unit, whereas in cold seasons, the refrigerating capacity is fully provided by the heat pipe unit. In transition seasons, the free cold source is used as much as possible by the heat pipe unit, and inadequate refrigeration capacity is supplemented by the vapor compression refrigeration unit. Moreover, a prototype of the HKF-200FH refrigeration unit is designed and tested. The compression and heat-pipe units are paralleled by a shell-tube type evaporative condenser whose tube side is used as an evaporator of the compression unit to supply refrigeration capacity to the shell-side second coolant when operating in compression refrigeration mode or dual refrigeration mode. The test results show that the refrigeration capacity of the integrated system changed little with an increasing energy efficiency ratio (EER) when the ambient temperature decreased. The refrigeration capacity in the compression refrigeration mode (ambient temperature is 35 ℃) and heat-pipe mode (ambient temperature is 10 ℃) were 197.38 and 196.89 kW with EER of 3.5 and 17.26, respectively. Since May 2014, the prototype of the HKF-200FH has been safely and reliably operated at an EB-level cloud storage laboratory in Beijing. The long-term operation results have shown an energy-saving rate of 45% compared with traditional vapor-compression-type computer room air conditioners. |
Key words: data center air-conditioning free cooling integrated refrigeration energy-saving heat pipe |