| 摘要: |
| 天空辐射制冷技术是指地球表面物体通过“大气窗口”向宇宙发射红外辐射以实现自身降温的过程。作为一种无需能量输入的制冷技术，天空辐射制冷为应对能源危机及全球变暖提供了潜在的新途径。从发展历程看，传统的辐射制冷技术应用仅限于夜间，近年来，随着纳米光子材料及超材料领域的发展，日间辐射制冷技术已经得以验证。本文对天空辐射制冷技术的发展现状进行了回顾，涉及基本原理、材料与结构，并对其潜在应用前景进行了总结，分析了辐射制冷技术应用中面临的挑战。在能源形势与环境问题日益严峻的今天，探索天空辐射制冷技术在多个场景的应用，如建筑节能、缓解城市热岛效应、提高光伏发电效率等有望对我国的碳达峰、碳中和事业作出重要贡献。 |
| 关键词: 辐射制冷；光谱选择性；大气辐射 红外辐射 |
| DOI： |
| 投稿时间：2022-04-02 修订日期：2021-04-28
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| 基金项目: |
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| Current Status and Future Perspectives of Radiative Sky Cooling |
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Guo Chenyue, Pan Haodan, Xu Qihao, Wang Jiayun, Sheng Mingfeng, Zhao Dongliang
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| (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University) |
| Abstract: |
| Radiative sky cooling cools an object on the Earth’s surface by emitting thermal radiation through the atmospheric window to the cold universe. As a passive technique to reduce cooling energy requirements without power input, radiative cooling provides a new avenue to address the challenges of the energy crisis and global warming. Over the past few decades, radiative cooling has been limited to nighttime applications. With recent technological advancements in nanophotonics and metamaterials, daytime radiative cooling has been demonstrated. In this review, the current research status of radiative sky cooling is discussed, including its fundamental principles, advanced materials, and structures. Furthermore, applications and prospects in radiative sky cooling are summarized and the challenges are analyzed to promote the development of radiative sky cooling. As the energy security and environmental issues escalate, exploring the application of radiative sky cooling in different scenarios, such as energy saving in buildings, mitigation of the heat island effect, and improving the efficiency of solar cell generation, will considerably contribute to energy saving and emission reduction. |
| Key words: radiative sky cooling spectral selectivity atmospheric radiation infrared radiation |
