单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展

赵颉; 崔晓钰

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.053

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单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展

更新时间：2025-01-23

- 单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展
- Research Progress of Microchannel Heat Sink Structures Based on Single-Phase Flow
- 制冷学报 2025年46卷第1期页码：53-70
- 作者机构：
  
  上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院　上海　 200093
- 作者简介：
  
  崔晓钰，女，教授，上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院，13166199495，E-mail：xiaoyu_cui@usst.edu.cn。研究方向：制冷与低温，换热器强化换热。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.053
  中图分类号： TB61⁺1;TB657.5
- 收稿：2023-11-04，
  
  修回：2024-02-24，
  
  录用：2024-03-21，
  
  纸质出版：2025-02-16
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
赵颉, 崔晓钰. 单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(1):53-70.

Zhao Jie, Cui Xiaoyu. Research Progress of Microchannel Heat Sink Structures Based on Single-Phase Flow[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(1): 53-70.
赵颉, 崔晓钰. 单相液冷微通道散热器结构研究进展[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(1):53-70. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.053.

Zhao Jie, Cui Xiaoyu. Research Progress of Microchannel Heat Sink Structures Based on Single-Phase Flow[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(1): 53-70. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.053.

摘要

微通道冷却是解决高热流密度散热问题最有效的技术之一，具有传热效率高、热阻低、结构紧凑等优点，但同时存在压降增加的问题。微通道的结构是影响其流动与传热性能的重要因素。针对该问题，简述了国内外对单相液冷微通道散热器在结构设计方面的研究进展，分为通道几何结构、扰流结构、针肋结构、多层结构、仿生结构和复合强化结构。结合各结构强化传热的原理，分析其在传热系数、压降、综合性能、均温性等方面的优缺点，并对微通道散热器常用的基体材料与加工方法进行了成本分析。基于上述总结与介绍，从应用角度展望了微通道散热器的前景与发展方向，指出复合结构的应用、仿真与实验的结合、材料学与加工技术的进步以及学科交叉是今后结构研究的重点。

Abstract

Microchannel cooling

with its high heat transfer efficiency

low thermal resistance

and light weight advantages

is one of the most effective technologies for solving the problem of heat dissipation with high heat flux; however

it faces the issue of increased pressure drop. The microchannel structure determines the thermal-hydraulic performance. This study describes the research progress on single-phase liquid-cooled microchannel heat sinks in terms of domestic and international structural design to address this problem. Among them

single-phase heat dissipation structures are divided into variable cross-sectionals

flow disruption

pin-fin

double-layered

bionic

and hybrid-reinforced structures. The advantages and disadvantages of the heat transfer coefficient

pressure drop

comprehensive performance

and temperature uniformity were analyzed based on the principle of enhancing heat transfer in various structures. A cost analysis of the commonly used matrix materials and processing methods for microchannel heat sinks was conducted. Finally

we provided the prospect and development direction of microchannel heat sinks from an application perspective. The application of composite structures

integration of simulation and experimentation

advances in material science and processing technology

and the nexus of disciplines are noted as the focus of future structural research.

关键词

Keywords

references

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