多能互补的吸收式热泵用于宽温区冷热兼供系统研究

鹿丁; 刘子健; 申涛; 陈润东; 公茂琼

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.024

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多能互补的吸收式热泵用于宽温区冷热兼供系统研究

热泵技术专栏 | 更新时间：2025-01-23

- 多能互补的吸收式热泵用于宽温区冷热兼供系统研究
- Multi-Energy Complementary Absorption Heat Pump Applied for Combined Cooling and Heating over a Wide Temperature Range
- 制冷学报 2025年46卷第1期页码：24-31
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院理化技术研究所　北京　 100190
  2.中国科学院大学　北京　 100049
- 作者简介：
  
  鹿丁，男，副研究员，中国科学院理化技术研究所，18810988096，E-mail：luding@mail.ipc.ac.cn。研究方向：吸收式制冷与热泵、低品位热能高效利用。
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.024
  中图分类号： TB61⁺1;TQ051.5;TU83
- 收稿：2024-02-26，
  
  修回：2024-03-14，
  
  录用：2024-03-15，
  
  纸质出版：2025-02-16
- 稿件说明：
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鹿丁, 刘子健, 申涛, 等. 多能互补的吸收式热泵用于宽温区冷热兼供系统研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(1):24-31.

Lu Ding, Liu Zijian, Shen Tao, et al. Multi-Energy Complementary Absorption Heat Pump Applied for Combined Cooling and Heating over a Wide Temperature Range[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(1): 24-31.
鹿丁, 刘子健, 申涛, 等. 多能互补的吸收式热泵用于宽温区冷热兼供系统研究[J]. 制冷学报, 2025,46(1):24-31. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.024.

Lu Ding, Liu Zijian, Shen Tao, et al. Multi-Energy Complementary Absorption Heat Pump Applied for Combined Cooling and Heating over a Wide Temperature Range[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(1): 24-31. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.01.024.

摘要

在“碳中和”目标背景下，实现集中式冷热管网无法覆盖的分布式区域的低碳冷热兼供，具有重要的现实意义。提出一种基于吸收式热泵的冷热兼供系统，利用光热、地热、余热、生物质和空气能等多种清洁、可再生能源，实现-20~90 ℃宽温区冷热兼供，适用于乡村、城镇、工业园等分布式区域。基于Aspen构建了系统模型，并搭建了一套原理样机。样机利用真空管集热器捕集光热能，并引入天然气补燃平衡光热负荷波动；通过载热/载冷介质循环及阀组切换，利用单套吸收式热泵及室外冷热一体机，拖动多套室内供热/供冷末端。原理样机在济南进行了环境测试，整个测试期间光热占比可达35%。通过燃气比例调节，实现全天候稳定供能；通过液位控制，实现了大范围的浓度调节，使样机能在更宽的温度范围内高效运行。研究发现：当冷却水温度在30~20 ℃变化时，-20 ℃制冷COP为0.30~0.43，7 ℃制冷COP为0.70~0.78；当蒸发温度在-15~20 ℃变化时，45 ℃供热COP为1.40~1.90，80 ℃供热COP为1.35~1.56。结果表明：通过引入太阳能热驱动和空气能回收，该系统可再生能源比例超过50%；相较燃气壁挂炉和电空调的传统方式，新型系统全年运行费用降低54%，碳排放降低44%，具有巨大的应用潜力。

Abstract

Achieving low-carbon combined cooling and heating supply in distributed areas away from centralized cooling and heating networks is highly significant in the context of carbon neutrality. This study proposes a combined cooling and heating system based on an absorption heat pump

which uses a variety of clean and renewable energies

such as solar heat

geothermal

waste heat

biomass

and air-source energy

to achieve the combined cooling and heating in a wide temperature range from -20 ℃ to 90 ℃. Such systems are suitable for distributed areas

such as villages

cities

and industrial parks. The system model was constructed based on Aspen

and a prototype was developed. The prototype uses a vacuum tube collector to capture solar thermal energy and introduces natural gas as a supplementary heat source to balance fluctuations of solar energy. Multiple sets of indoor heating and cooling terminals can be driven through medium circulation and valve switching using a single set of absorption heat pumps and outdoor units. The environmental test of the prototype was performed in Jinan

and the solar thermal ratio reached 35% during the testing period. An all-weather stable energy supply was achieved by proportional control of natural gas. Moreover

a wide range of concentration adjustments was achieved by controlling the liquid level in the solution tank

enabling efficient system operation in a wider temperature range. The coefficient of performance (COP) of cooling reached 0.30-0.43 at -20 ℃ and 0.70-0.78 at 7 ℃

with cooling water temperatures varying from 30 ℃ to 20 ℃; the COP of heating reached 1.40-1.90 at 45 ℃ and 1.35-1.56 at 80 ℃

with evaporation temperature varying from -15 ℃ to 20 ℃. The study results demonstrated that introducing solar thermal energy and ambient energy recovery increased the fraction of renewable energy in the system to over 50%. Compared with the traditional method of gas furnace plus air conditioning

the annual operating cost and carbon emissions of the proposed system were reduced by over 54.3% and 44%

respectively

which has significant application potential.

关键词

Keywords

references

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