Design and Experimental Research on Solar-Powered Casualty Rewarming Sleeping Bag Suitable for Extreme Cold Conditions

Wang Zhikai; Wang Yu; Li Haoqi; Zhang Zhongyuan; Gai Yibing; Bai Ziyi

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.06.141

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Design and Experimental Research on Solar-Powered Casualty Rewarming Sleeping Bag Suitable for Extreme Cold Conditions

更新时间：2025-12-03

- Design and Experimental Research on Solar-Powered Casualty Rewarming Sleeping Bag Suitable for Extreme Cold Conditions
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 6, Pages: 141-150(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  南京工业大学城市建设学院　南京　 211816
- 作者简介：
  
  Wang Yu, male, associate professor, College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, 86-13913808658, E-mail: yu-wang@njtech.edu.cn. Research fields: high efficiency phase change heat exchange technology, special equipment and confined space environmental control technology, refrigeration system design and optimization, liquid cooling technology of data room.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.06.141
  CLC： TM925.63;TU111.4⁺1;TU352.59;O414.13
- Received：13 September 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-11-04，
  
  Accepted：05 November 2024，
  
  Published：16 December 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Wang Zhikai, Wang Yu, Li Haoqi, et al. Design and Experimental Research on Solar-Powered Casualty Rewarming Sleeping Bag Suitable for Extreme Cold Conditions[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(6): 141-150.
DOI：

Wang Zhikai, Wang Yu, Li Haoqi, et al. Design and Experimental Research on Solar-Powered Casualty Rewarming Sleeping Bag Suitable for Extreme Cold Conditions[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(6): 141-150. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.06.141.

摘要

为了应对严寒环境下伤员的失温症状，通过利用相变恒温材料ODE@CaF

MPCMs和Cu

O@n-C

在低温时发生相变放出热量，设计了一种基于太阳能的适用于严寒条件的伤员复温睡袋，并在此基础上进行了热水模拟热源实验和真人实验。结果表明：在热水模拟实验中，睡袋在环境温度为0、4、8 ℃，相变材料初始温度为40 ℃的工况下，1 h内37 ℃温水最终可以维持在约36 ℃，且在加热过程中，相变材料双侧分布比单侧分布具有更高的加热速率。在真人实验中，睡袋在环境温度为-5、0、5 ℃工况下，1 h内平均温度能维持在约35 ℃，且相变材料单侧分布比双侧分布具有更好的保温效果，最终平均温度约高出2 ℃；在环境温度为-15 ℃工况下，9 h内平均温度能维持在32 ℃以上。对睡袋内部的温度分布均匀性进行分析，单侧分布变异系数最大值为0.036，双侧分布变异系数最大值为0.053，2种分布下睡袋内部温度分布均较为均匀，其中单侧分布更加均匀。通过真实用户调研得到睡袋的保温性优秀，但便捷性仍需优化。通过多次在-5 ℃重复真人实验，睡袋在使用30次后恒温效果几乎不变，仅在30次时人体平均温度下降约0.05 ℃；睡袋成本约为400元，单次加热至40 ℃耗电约为0.24 kW·h。

Abstract

To address the casualties caused by hypothermia in cold environments

this study designed a solar-powered rewarming sleeping bag for casualties under extremely cold conditions using the phase change materials ODE@CaF

MPCMs and Cu

O@n-C

which release heat during phase change at low temperatures. Hot-water simulations and human experiments were also conducted. The results of hot-water simulations at 0 ℃

4 ℃

and 8 ℃

with an initial phase-change-material temperature of 40 ℃

showed

that warm water with an initial temperature of 37 ℃ could be maintained at approximately 36 ℃ for 3 600 s

and the bilateral distribution of phase-change materials had a higher heating rate than that of a unilateral distribution. In human experiments

under -5 ℃

0 ℃

and 5 ℃ temperature conditions

the average temperature could be maintained at approximately 35 ℃ for 3 600 s

and the unilateral distribution of phase-change materials had better insulation than the bilateral distribution

with an average temperature increase of 2 ℃. At -15 ℃

the average temperature could be maintained above 32 ℃ for 540 min. A temperature-distribution uniformity analysis showed that the maximum coefficient of variation for the unilateral distribution was 0.036 and that for the bilateral distribution was 0.053

indicating a relatively uniform temperature distribution inside the sleeping bag

with the unilateral distribution being more uniform than the bilateral distribution. Comprehensive performance assessments showed that the sleeping bag had excellent insulation but requires optimization for convenience; after 30 repetitions of an experiment at -5 ℃

the temperature effect remained almost unchanged

with only a 0.05 ℃ decrease in the average human body temperature after 30 uses. Moreover

the cost of the sleeping bag is only approximately 400 RMB

and a single heating to 40 ℃ consumes approximately 0.24 kW·h

which is low and shows good economic benefits.

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Keywords

references

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