Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

Zhou Chaohui; Liu Yuce; Hu Yue; Zhang Jicheng; Tian Zhiyong; Ruan Yu; Luo Huiheng; Luo Yongqiang; Xu Guozhi

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133

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Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

更新时间：2025-09-29

- Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 5, Pages: 133-141(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国长江三峡集团有限公司　武汉　430010
  2.中国长江电力股份有限公司　武汉　430010
  3.三峡电能有限公司　武汉　430022
  4.华中科技大学环境科学与工程学院　武汉　430074
- 作者简介：
  
  Tian Zhiyong, male, Ph.D., associate professor, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 86-13522166267, E-mail: zhiyongtian@hust.edu.cn. Research fields: thermal energy storage and solar energy.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133
  CLC： TK512;TU833
- Received：03 June 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-07-14，
  
  Accepted：02 September 2024，
  
  Published：16 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Zhou Chaohui, Liu Yuce, Hu Yue, et al. Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 133-141.
DOI：

Zhou Chaohui, Liu Yuce, Hu Yue, et al. Development and Validation of the Water Pit Numerical Model for Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 133-141. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.133.

摘要

跨季节储热可有效缓解太阳能在冬夏季的供需矛盾。大规模水池蓄热系统需要高效准确的计算模拟以避免投资浪费。研究提出了一个简化的数值分析方法，建立了总体积为11 304 m

的圆柱形地下水池模型用于描述季节性蓄热系统的运行。该模型分别建立水体一维传热模型和土壤二维传热模型，求解水体和土壤温度场，通过水池壁温度边界连接两者以实现对整个系统的模拟。为全方面验证数值仿真模型的正确性，分别在待机工况、充能工况和放能工况进行了验证，结果表明：所开发模型具有较好的准确性和可靠性。在待机工况下，砂箱实验台5个水体分层温度误差均低于10%，中层和中下层水体温度准确性最高，平均绝对误差分别为1.75%和1.24%。在充能工况下，平均相对误差仅为1.57%，平均误差温度为0.44 ℃。在放能工况下，平均相对误差仅为0.46%，平均误差温度为0.24 ℃。

Abstract

Seasonal thermal energy storage (STES) can effectively mitigate the supply and demand imbalance of solar energy between winter and summer. Large-scale water pit thermal storage systems require efficient and accurate computational simulations to avoid investment waste. This study proposes a simplified numerical analysis method and establishes a cylindrical underground pit with a total volume of 11 304 m

to describe the operation of a STES system. The model establishes a one-dimensional heat transfer model for the water body and a two-dimensional heat transfer model for the soil

separately solving for the water and the soil temperature field. The two models are connected through the temperature boundary at the po

ol wall to simulate the entire system. To comprehensively verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation model

validation was conducted under standby

charging

and discharging modes. The results indicate that the developed model has good accuracy and reliability. Under the standby mode

the temperature error of the five water layers in the sandbox test is less than 10%

with the highest accuracy in the middle and lower-middle water layers

with an average absolute error of 1.75% and 1.24%

respectively. Under the charging mode

the average relative error is 1.57%

and the average temperature error is 0.44 ℃. Under the discharging mode

the average relative error is 0.46%

and the average temperature error is 0.24 ℃.

关键词

Keywords

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