Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance

Ju Fujun; Hou Lihao; Liu Qinglei; Wang Haoran; Xiao Chengjie; Fan Xiaowei

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.069

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Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance

更新时间：2025-09-29

- Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 5, Pages: 69-76(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  中原工学院智慧能源与环境学院　郑州　450007
- 作者简介：
  
  Ju Fujun, male, Ph. D., lecturer, School of Smarts Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 86-371-62506808, E-mail: jufujun2008@163.com. Research fields: energy saving and intelligent of heat pump, efficient use of renewable energy and energy storage technology.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.069
  CLC： TB64;TM925.32;TU822.2
- Received：29 March 2024，
  
  Revised：2024-08-05，
  
  Accepted：06 August 2024，
  
  Published：16 October 2025
- 稿件说明：
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Ju Fujun, Hou Lihao, Liu Qinglei, et al. Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 69-76.
DOI：

Ju Fujun, Hou Lihao, Liu Qinglei, et al. Research to Optimize the Refrigerant Charge of the Natural Refrigerants R1270 and R290 in Heat-Pump Water Heaters and Their Performance[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(5): 69-76. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.05.069.

摘要

R1270和R290均是氟利昂等传统工质的潜在替代工质。实验研究了名义工况下工质充注量对分别使用R1270和R290的热泵热水器系统性能和冷凝器中换热流体温度分布的影响以及自然工质替代R22的可行性。结果表明：充注量对两系统的循环性能和换热流体的温度分布均有显著影响；R1270系统和R290系统均在相同的最佳充注量（0.90 kg）下分别获得最大COP为4.443和4.317；不同充注量下两系统的冷凝器中均出现2个传热窄点和2个最大传热温差，且其第一传热窄点和第二最大传热温差的出现位置均随充注量的变化而出现相似的迁移；相比于R22系统，R1270系统和R290系统在最佳充注量下均获得明显占优的COP和排气温度以及基本相当的排气压力，且其制热量分别提升了7.05%和降低了10.65%，因此R1270比R290在热泵热水器中替代R22时优势更显著。

Abstract

R1270 and R290 are alternative refrigerants with great potential. In this study

the influence of the refrigerant charge on the performance of the heat-pump water heater with R1270 and R290

the temperature distribution of the heat transfer fluids in the condenser

and the feasibility of replacing R22 with natural refrigerants were investigated. The results indicate that the refrigerant charge has a considerable influence on the cycle performance and the temperature distribution of the heat-transfer fluids in both systems. At the same optimal charge (0.90 kg)

the R1270 and R290 systems achieved a maximum coefficient of performance (COP) of 4.443 and 4.317

respectively. At different refrigerant charges

two heat transfer pinch points and two maximum heat transfer temperature differences occurred in the condensers of both systems

and the locations of the first pinch point and the second maximum temperature difference point showed similar migrations with changes in refrigerant charge. Compared with the R22 system

both the R1270 and R290 systems

at optimal charge

achieved significantly better COP and discharge temperatures

exhibited relatively equivalent discharge pressures

and their heating capacities increased by 7.05% and decreased by 10.65%

respectively. Hence

R1270 can be preferred over R290 for replacing R22 in a heat-pump water heater.

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references

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