Research on the Flammability Limits of R1234yf/R290 and R1234ze(E)/R290 Mixtures

Shen Jun; Huang Yujie; Zhong Quan; Shi Hechun; Li Huajie; Zhao Huan

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.022

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Research on the Flammability Limits of R1234yf/R290 and R1234ze(E)/R290 Mixtures

更新时间：2025-08-28

- Research on the Flammability Limits of R1234yf/R290 and R1234ze(E)/R290 Mixtures
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 4, Pages: 22-28(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  珠海格力电器股份有限公司　珠海　519070
- 作者简介：
  
  Zhong Quan, male, senior engineer, Gree Electric Appliances Inc. of Zhuhai, 86-756-8587826, E-mail: zhongquan14@mails.ucas.ac.cn. Research fields: environmentally friendly refrigerant.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.022
  CLC： TB61⁺2;TB64
- Received：25 March 2024，
  
  Revised：18 July 2024，
  
  Accepted：23 July 2024，
  
  Published：16 August 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Shen Jun, Huang Yujie, Zhong Quan, et al. Research on the Flammability Limits of R1234yf/R290 and R1234ze(E)/R290 Mixtures[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(4): 22-28.
DOI：

Shen Jun, Huang Yujie, Zhong Quan, et al. Research on the Flammability Limits of R1234yf/R290 and R1234ze(E)/R290 Mixtures[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(4): 22-28. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.04.022.

摘要

丙烷（R290）是一种极具潜力的家用空调替代制冷剂，但可燃性限制了其应用。根据ASHRAE 34-2022标准测试了R290、2

3-四氟丙烯（R1234yf）、反式-1

3-四氟丙烯（R1234ze（E））和二元混合物R1234ze（E）/R290、R1234yf/R290的可燃极限。分析了R1234yf和R1234ze（E）对R290可燃性的影响，并对比了R1234yf、R1234ze（E）、R32、R13I1和R134a对R290可燃性抑制能力。通过模拟计算了不同组分下R290混合物的制冷循环性能。结果表明：R1234yf和R1234ze（E）对R290可燃性的抑制能力相近且效果较差，当R1234yf和R1234ze（E）的质量分数达到80%时，混合物的可燃下限仅增加约1.0%。使用Le Chatelier模型对实验数据进行关联，计算结果与实验结果平均绝对偏差为0.57%。相比R290纯质，R1234ze（E）/R290与R1234yf/R290在共沸点附近的能效比衰减小于1%，单位容积制冷量增加小于0.4%。制冷剂对R290的燃烧抑制能力由大到小排序为：R13I1>R134a>R32>R1234ze（E）/R1234yf。

Abstract

Propane (R290) is a potential refrigerant substitute for household air conditioners. However

its flammability limits its application. In this study

the flammability limits of R290

3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234yf)

trans-1

3-tetrafluoropropene (R1234ze(E))

R1234ze(E)/R290

and R1234yf/R290 were determined according to the ASHRAE 34-2022 standard. The effects of R1234yf and R1234ze(E) on the flammability of R290 were analyzed

and the inhibiting abilities of R1234yf

R1234ze(E)

R32

R13I1

and R134a on the flammability of R290 were compared. In addition

the refrigeration cycle performance of R290 mixtures with different compositions was simulated. The results showed that both R1234yf and R1234ze(E) exhibited limited flame inhibition capabilities for R290. When the mass fractions of R1234yf and R1234ze(E) reached 80%

the lower flammability limit of the mixture increased by approximately 1.0%. The experimental data were correlated using the Le Chatelier model

which resulted in an average absolute deviation of 0.57% between the calculated and experimental results. Compared with R290

the energy efficiency ratio of the two refrigerants and R290 mixture decreased by less than 1%

and the volumetric cooling capacity increased by less than 0.4%. The flame inhibition effect of the refrigerant on R290 decreased in the following order: R13I1>R134a>R32>R1234ze(E)/R1234yf.

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