Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO<sub>2</sub> Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles

Yang Mengying; Ding Jingwen; Xie Hongsheng; Song Yulong; Cao Feng; Dai Xiangyang

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.028

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Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO₂ Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles

更新时间：2025-04-15

- Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO₂ Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 2, Pages: 28-37(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院　 710049　西安
  2.中国汽车技术研究中心有限公司　 300300　天津
  3.深圳市英维克科技股份有限公司　 518110　深圳
- 作者简介：
  
  Song Yulong, male, associate professor, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 86-13488264214, E-mail: yulong.song@mail.xjtu.edu.cn. Research fields: novel applications of the transcritical CO2 technology.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.028
  CLC： TB61⁺1;TB653;U469.7
- Received：11 November 2023，
  
  Revised：2023-12-14，
  
  Accepted：29 January 2024，
  
  Published：16 April 2025
- 稿件说明：
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Yang Mengying, Ding Jingwen, Xie Hongsheng, et al. Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO₂ Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(2): 28-37.
DOI：

Yang Mengying, Ding Jingwen, Xie Hongsheng, et al. Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO₂ Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles[J]. Journal of Refrigeration, 2025, 46(2): 28-37. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.028.

摘要

为了提升新能源车辆跨临界CO

热泵空调系统的性能，针对回热器、膨胀机、涡流管、喷射器和多蒸发温度补气5种技术方法，采用一维理论计算，在新能源车辆运行工况下得到各系统性能并进行对比。结果表明：采用不同性能提升方法的系统均需考虑排气压力的优化，制冷模式下系统COP均得到一定程度提升。膨胀机在综合工况下具有最佳效果，喷射器在设计工况下表现良好，回热器在制冷模式下效果明显，涡流管和多蒸发温度补气全工况适应性较好。结果可为各个性能提升方法的实际工程应用提供一定参考，促进跨临界CO

热泵空调系统的推广应用。

Abstract

Transcritical CO

heat pump air-conditioning systems have gained prom

inence in new energy vehicle thermal management due to their energy-saving and environmentally friendly characteristics. However

the relatively low coefficient of performance (COP) in cooling mode remains a significant obstacle to developing transcritical CO

heat pump air conditioning systems. To enhance system performance

five technical approaches are proposed: internal heat exchangers (IHX)

expanders

vortex tubes

ejectors

and combined multiple evaporation steps with vapor injection. The performances of these methods were evaluated through one-dimensional theoretical calculations under vehicle operating conditions. Results indicate that optimizing discharge pressure is critical for all methods

with varying degrees of COP improvement. Expanders provide the most comprehensive benefits

ejectors perform well under specific design conditions

IHX shows notable enhancements in cooling mode

and vortex tubes and combined multiple evaporation steps with vapor injection exhibit broad adaptability across working conditions. These findings offer valuable insights for practical engineering applications and support the adoption of transcritical CO

heat pump systems in new energy vehicles.

关键词

Keywords

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⁰

Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO2 Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles

DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.028

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Comparative Study on the Main Performance Improvement Methods of Transcritical CO₂ Heat Pump Air-Conditioning System for New Energy Vehicles