State of the Art Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Power Battery Thermal Management Applications

Zhu Jianjie; Zhuang Yuan; Ouyang Hongsheng; Lu Yongjie; Yan Yuhao; Wu Xilei; Ye Gongran; Zhang Cancan; Wu Yuting; Han Xiaohong

doi:10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.001

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State of the Art Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Power Battery Thermal Management Applications

更新时间：2025-04-15

- State of the Art Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Power Battery Thermal Management Applications
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 46, Issue 2, Pages: 1-16(2025)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.浙江大学制冷与低温研究所　浙江省制冷与低温技术重点实验室　杭州　 310027
  2.含氟温室气体替代及控制处理国家重点实验室　浙江省化工研究院有限公司　杭州　 310023
  3.北京工业大学强化传热与节能教育部重点实验室　传热与能量转换北京市重点实验室　北京　 100124
- 作者简介：
  
  Han Xiaohong, female, professor, doctoral advisor, Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Zhejiang University, 86-571-87953944, E-mail: hanxh66@zju.edu.cn. Research fields: high heat flux heat dissipation technology (mainly heat pipe heat dissipation, microchannel heat dissipation and immersion liquid cooling technology), immersion liquid cooling of power battery, refrigerant replacement technology, refrigerant leakage, refrigerant recovery, recycling and reclamation.
- 基金信息：
  
  National Natural Science Foundation of China(52076185)
- DOI：10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.001
  CLC： TB61⁺1;TM912;TQ051.5
- Received：29 November 2023，
  
  Revised：26 January 2024，
  
  Accepted：2024-01-29，
  
  Published：16 April 2025
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
Zhu Jianjie, Zhuang Yuan, Ouyang Hongsheng, et al. State of the Art Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Power Battery Thermal Management Applications[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(2): 1-16.
DOI：

Zhu Jianjie, Zhuang Yuan, Ouyang Hongsheng, et al. State of the Art Immersion Liquid Cooling Technology for Power Battery Thermal Management Applications[J]. Journal of refrigeration, 2025, 46(2): 1-16. DOI： 10.12465/j.issn.0253-4339.2025.02.001.

摘要

电池热管理系统是纯电动汽车非常重要的组成部分。随着液体浸没技术在电子设备领域的成功应用，该技术在电池热管理系统中的应用也越来越受到重视。动力电池浸没液冷技术是将电池直接浸没于绝缘流体中，通过对流换热或相变传热来带走电池的热量。从动力电池热管理角度出发，分析了温度对电池性能的影响以及采用不同电池热管理系统的优势和存在的局限性，重点阐述了采用浸没式电池热管理系统的重要性。在此基础上，详细综述了液体浸没式电池热管理系统目前主要存在的关键技术问题及相关研究进展，包括冷却液的选择、模组设计、寿命和安全性研究等方面。最后概述了部分厂商进行探索或示范性工作所开发的动力电池浸没液冷产品。

Abstract

Battery thermal management systems are crucial components of pure electric vehicles. The promising application of liquid immersion technology in electronic equipment has also garnered increasing attention for its potential in battery thermal management. Power battery immersion liquid-cooling technology involves directly immersing the battery in dielectric liquid to dissipate heat through convection or phase-change heat transfer. This study analyzes the impact of temperature on battery performance and compares the advantages and limitations of different thermal management systems. The importance of immersion-based battery thermal management is emphasized. Key technical challenges and recent research advancements are reviewed in detail

including coolant selection

module design

and considerations for battery life and safety. Finally

commercially developed immersion cooling products for demonstration and exploration are introduced.

关键词

Keywords

references

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