Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO<sub>2</sub> Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles

Ding Zhili; Liu Zhixiang; Tian Yafen; Li Kang; Wang Rujin; Zhao Ying; Yan Jinjun; Zhang Hua

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004

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Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO₂ Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles

更新时间：2026-09-09

- Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO₂ Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-10(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.上海理工大学能源与动力工程学院上海 200093
  2. 高端压缩机及系统技术全国重点实验室合肥 230031
  3. 衢州学院全省空气动力装备智能制造重点实验室衢州 324000
  4. 中国三峡新能源（集团）股份有限公司北京 101100
- 作者简介：
  
  Tian Yafen， female， associate professor， University of Shanghai for Science and Technology， 86-13062642019， E-mail： yftian_ usst@qq.com. Research fields： Refrigerant alternative technology and compressor optimization.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004
  CLC： TH45;U469.72
- Received：20 July 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-08-10，
  
  Accepted：11 August 2026，
  
  Online First：09 September 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
丁志力,刘志翔,田雅芬等.电动汽车CO₂涡旋压缩机泄漏特性研究[J].制冷学报,DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004.

Ding Zhili,Liu Zhixiang,Tian Yafen,et al.Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO₂ Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Refrigeration,DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004.
丁志力,刘志翔,田雅芬等.电动汽车CO₂涡旋压缩机泄漏特性研究[J].制冷学报,DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004. DOI：

Ding Zhili,Liu Zhixiang,Tian Yafen,et al.Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO₂ Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Refrigeration,DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004. DOI：

摘要

为了探究电动汽车CO

涡旋压缩机内部泄漏特性对压缩机性能的影响，本文以一款理论输气量为1.272 m

/h车用CO

涡旋压缩机为研究对象，建立了压缩机工作过程三维非稳态热力学数值模型，理论模拟与实验结果误差在7.8%以内。基于此模型进一步研究了轴向间隙和密封结构等关键设计参数对压缩机性能的影响，结果表明，密封结构通过阻断高压腔至排气腔及相邻基腔的气体泄漏，可显著抑制气体的二次加热并降低排气温度：在相同轴向间隙下，引入密封结构可将排气温度降低 16%，容积效率提升19.7%。轴向间隙从0.01 mm增大至0.03 mm，压缩机的排气温度升高13%，容积效率降低13.7%，同时泄漏使压缩机的过压缩现象也有所缓解。密封结构使径向泄漏路径发生改变，因此密封槽的深度也会对泄漏量产生较大影响。随着密封槽深度的增加，径向泄漏量和切向泄漏量都会增大，径向泄漏量的增幅要远大于切向泄漏量。CO

涡旋压缩机内部径向泄漏量占总泄漏量的80%左右，且随着密封槽深度的增加，占比会进一步增大。此外，泄漏量的增加会导致压缩机吸气腔压力升高，在吸气口处出现回流现象。该研究结果可为CO

涡旋压缩机泄漏的控制和密封结构优化提供参考。

Abstract

This study develops and experimentally

validates a three-dimensional unsteady numerical model of an automotive CO

scroll compressor （theoretical displacement： 1.272 m³/h） to explore effects of internal leakage on compressor performance. The simulation errors remained within 7.8% of the experimental results. Using this model， the effects of axial clearance and sealing structures were investigated. The results show that the sealing structure significantly suppresses secondary gas heating and reduces the discharge temperature by preventing the leakage of the refrigerant from the high-pressure chamber to the discharge and adjacent working chambers. Under the same axial clearance， incorporating the sealing structure reduced the discharge temperature by 16% and improved the volumetric efficiency by 19.7%. Expanding the axial clearance from 0.01 to 0.03 mm increased the discharge temperature by 13% and reduced the volumetric efficiency by 13.7%， while alleviating the over-compression. Moreover， the seal groove depth significantly impacts the leakage， as the sealing structure changes the radial leakage path. Increasing the groove depth increases both the radial and tangential leakage rates， with the former increasing more sharply. The radial leakage constitutes approximately 80% of the total leakage in the compressor， and its proportion increases with the groove depth. Additionally， the elevated leakage raises the suction chamber pressure， and triggers a backflow at the suction inlet. These insights offer guidelines for leakage control and sealing optimization in CO

scroll compressors.

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Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO2 Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles

DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260720004

摘要

Abstract

关键词

Keywords

references

Study on the Leakage Characteristics of CO₂ Scroll Compressor for Electric Vehicles