Thermal-Structural Coupling Analysis and Stress Evaluation of a Large-Scale Marine Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank

Li Xiangle; Yin Liang; Ju Yonglin

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260512001

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Thermal-Structural Coupling Analysis and Stress Evaluation of a Large-Scale Marine Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank

更新时间：2026-07-15

- Thermal-Structural Coupling Analysis and Stress Evaluation of a Large-Scale Marine Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-10(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海 200240
  2. 上海交通大学碳中和发展研究院上海 200030
- 作者简介：
  
  Ju Yonglin， male， professor， School of Mechanical Engineering， Shanghai Jiao Tong University， 86-21-34206532， E-mail： yju@sjtu.edu.cn. Research fields： liquefied natural gas and liquefied hydrogen technology， cryogenic heat transfer and cryogenic distillation.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260512001
  CLC： TB61⁺1;TK91;TQ053.2
- Received：12 May 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-06-02，
  
  Accepted：09 June 2026，
  
  Online First：15 July 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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李相乐，殷靓，巨永林. 大型船用液氢球罐的热-结构耦合分析与应力评定［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10.

Li Xiangle，Yin Liang，Ju Yonglin. Thermal-Structural Coupling Analysis and Stress Evaluation of a Large-Scale Marine Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10.
李相乐，殷靓，巨永林. 大型船用液氢球罐的热-结构耦合分析与应力评定［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260512001.

Li Xiangle，Yin Liang，Ju Yonglin. Thermal-Structural Coupling Analysis and Stress Evaluation of a Large-Scale Marine Liquid Hydrogen Spherical Tank［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-10. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260512001.

摘要

针对大规模液氢跨洋运输的迫切需求，本文以8 000 m³ MOSS型船舶液氢球罐为研究对象，开展液氢温区下的热-结构多物理场耦合分析与结构完整性评定。建立了包含“中空玻璃微球（HGM）+弹性毡”复合绝热层及复合支撑组件的三维有限元模型，并基于国际海事组织（IMO）规范，模拟了赤道、IGC及USCG 3种典型航行工况。热力学计算表明，绝热系统性能良好，各工况下日蒸发率（BOR）低至0.123%~0.158%，均满足小于0.2%的设计指标。力学分析揭示，-253 ℃极低温诱发的热应变在耦合变形中占主导地位，并导致支撑连接处产生显著的应力集中。依据ASME VIII-2分析设计标准进行应力线性化处理后，有效剥离了局部峰值应力，结果显示其一次加二次组合应力最高为493.6 MPa，低于600 MPa的许用应力极限。本研究揭示了大型 MOSS 型液氢球罐在极端服役工况下的多物理场耦合力学响应规律，为未来远洋液氢储运装备的结构设计、绝热优化与安全性评估提供了一定的工程参考与技术借鉴。

Abstract

In response to the urgent demand for large-scale transoceanic transportation of liquid hydrogen， this study focuses on an 8 000 m³ Molten Salts Storage （MOSS）-type marine liquid hydrogen spherical tank for a thermal-structural multiphysics coupling analysis and structural integrity assessment in liquid hydrogen temperature zone. A three-dimensional finite element model is developed， incorporating a composite insulation layer of hollow glass microspheres （HGM） and a resilient blanket integrated with composite support components. In accordance with International Maritime Organization （IMO） regulations， three typical navigation conditions—namely， the Equator， International Gas Carrier code， and United States Coast Guard standards—are simulated. Thermodynamic calculations demonstrate excellent insulation performance， yielding boil-off rates between 0.123% and 0.158% across all operating conditions， thereby satisfying the design target （0.2%）. Mechanical analysis reveals that the thermal strain induced by the extreme cryogenic temperature （-253 ℃） dominates coupled deformation and leads to significant stress concentration at support joints. Using stress linearization in accordance with ASME VIII-2 design-by-analysis standard， the local peak stress is effectively separated. The results show that the maximum combined primary and secondary stress is 493.6 MPa， which is below the allowable stress limit of 600 MPa. This study elucidates the multiphysics coupled mechanical response characterisitcs of large-scale MOSS-type liquid-hydrogen spherical tanks under extreme operating conditions， providing practical engineering references and technical insights for the structural design， insulation optimization， and safety assessment of seaborne liquid-hydrogen storage and transportation equipment.

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