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西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院 西安 710049
Cao Feng, male, professor, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 86-29-82663583,E-mail:fcao@mail.xjtu.edu.cn. Research fields: Carnot battery energy storage, advanced CO2 thermodynamic cycles and systems.
Received:28 April 2026,
Revised:2026-06-09,
Accepted:09 June 2026,
Online First:10 July 2026,
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蔚清盛,宋昱龙,牛孟哲,等. 卡诺电池系统中熔盐储热系统的多物理场跨尺度热物性研究[J]. 制冷学报,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10.
Yu Qingsheng,Song Yulong,Niu Mengzhe,et al. Multiphysics and Cross-Scale Analysis of Thermophysical Properties in Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Carnot Batteries[J]. Journal of Refrigeration,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10.
蔚清盛,宋昱龙,牛孟哲,等. 卡诺电池系统中熔盐储热系统的多物理场跨尺度热物性研究[J]. 制冷学报,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10. DOI: 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260428001.
Yu Qingsheng,Song Yulong,Niu Mengzhe,et al. Multiphysics and Cross-Scale Analysis of Thermophysical Properties in Molten Salt Thermal Energy Storage Systems for Carnot Batteries[J]. Journal of Refrigeration,XXXX,XX(XX):1-10. DOI: 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260428001.
卡诺电池(热力电池)作为长时储能的重要技术路线,在特高温CO
2
热泵耦合工业供热等场景中具有良好的应用前景,而高温储热介质的热物性参数直接影响系统的储热效率与运行性能。针对传统熔融盐导热性能有限等问题,本文选取HITEC三元熔盐为基液,设计并构建了Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
核壳纳米颗粒增强熔盐纳米流体模型,采用分子动力学方法系统研究了其热物性变化规律。分别计算了复合体系在不同温度下的热导系数、密度、动力黏度、定容比热容及盐离子自扩散系数。结果表明:在423~823 K温度区间内,复合熔盐体系的导热系数、密度、动力黏度和定容比热容均随温度升高而降低,而均方位移和盐离子自扩散系数随温度升高而增大。与纯HITEC熔盐经验公式结果对比可知,复合体系与纯熔盐在热物性参数上的温度变化趋势基本一致。此外,复合体系的导热系数、黏度和比热容均整体高于纯HITEC熔盐,三者提升比分别为61.1%~146.4%、1.3%~82.4%和12.7%~31.5%,表明磁性核壳纳米颗粒的加入能够提高体系的导热能力和储热能力,降低了体系的流动能力。本文从分子尺度揭示了Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
核壳纳米颗粒对HITEC熔盐热输运与流动特性的影响规律,可为面向特高温CO
2
热泵耦合热力电池的高性能储热介质设计提供理论参考。
Objective
2
To investigate the thermophysical properties of Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
/HITEC composite molten-salt nanofluids for thermal battery applications in ultra-super-high-temperature CO
2
heat pump-coupled energy storage systems.
Methods
2
A molecular dynamics model of an Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
/HITEC composite molten-salt system was developed. Using a relaxed structure, thermal conductivity, density, dynamic viscosity, specific heat at constant volume, and self-diffusion coefficient of salt ions were systematically calculated at different temperatures.
Results and Discussions
2
The results show that within the temperature range of 423-823 K, the thermal conductivity, density, dynamic viscosity, and specific heat capacity of the composite molten-salt system decrease with increasing temperature, whereas the mean square displacement and diffusion coefficient correspondingly increase. Comparison with empirical correlations reported in the literature for pure HITEC molten salt indicates that the temperature-dependent trends of the thermophysical properties in the composite system are typically consistent with those of pure molten salt. Thermal conductivity, viscosity, and specific heat capacity of the composite system are higher than those of pure HITEC molten salt, with enhancement ratios of 61.1%-146.4%, 1.3%-82.4%, and 12.7%-31.5%, respectively. Thus, the incorporation of magnetic core-shell nanoparticles can improve the thermal conductivity and heat storage capacity of the system while reducing its flowability.
Conclusions
2
Fe
3
O
4
@SiO
2
core-shell nanoparticles can improve the overall thermophysical performance of HITEC molten salt, particu
larly in terms of thermal conductivity and specific heat, while preserving its basic temperature-response behavior. This study provides a molecular-scale reference for designing high-performance thermal storage media in thermal batteries.
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