Preparation， Energy Storage， and Supercooling Characteristics of Carbonized Melamine Sponge/Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution Composite Phase Change Cold Energy Storage Materials

Wang Tieying; Su Yuanxiang; Liu Songsong; Liu Shengchun; Wang Haozhe

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260317001

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Preparation， Energy Storage， and Supercooling Characteristics of Carbonized Melamine Sponge/Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution Composite Phase Change Cold Energy Storage Materials

更新时间：2026-06-04

- Preparation， Energy Storage， and Supercooling Characteristics of Carbonized Melamine Sponge/Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution Composite Phase Change Cold Energy Storage Materials
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-11(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.天津商业大学机械工程学院天津 300134
  2. 天津商业大学天津市制冷技术重点实验室天津 300134
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52476085;52206274)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260317001
  CLC： TB34;TK02;TB61⁺1
- Received：17 March 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-28，
  
  Accepted：21 April 2026，
  
  Online First：04 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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王铁营，苏远翔，刘松松，等. 碳化三聚氰胺海绵/氯化钠水溶液复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及储能与过冷特性研究［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-11.

Wang Tieying，Su Yuanxiang，Liu Songsong，et al. Preparation， Energy Storage， and Supercooling Characteristics of Carbonized Melamine Sponge/Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution Composite Phase Change Cold Energy Storage Materials［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-11.
王铁营，苏远翔，刘松松，等. 碳化三聚氰胺海绵/氯化钠水溶液复合相变蓄冷材料的制备及储能与过冷特性研究［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-11. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260317001.

Wang Tieying，Su Yuanxiang，Liu Songsong，et al. Preparation， Energy Storage， and Supercooling Characteristics of Carbonized Melamine Sponge/Sodium Chloride Aqueous Solution Composite Phase Change Cold Energy Storage Materials［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-11. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260317001.

摘要

为解决传统氯化钠（NaCl）水溶液相变蓄冷材料储能密度低、过冷度大的问题，拓宽其在蓄冷领域的应用前景，本文采用碳化三聚氰胺海绵（CMS）与NaCl水溶液制备复合相变蓄冷材料，在空气中对三聚氰胺海绵（MS）进行不同温度和时间的烧结处理，制备15个CMS样品，采用相关表征手段系统研究其微观结构、导热性能、力学性能及表面润湿性，进一步研究不同质量分数NaCl水溶液的相变特性，并将最优工艺制备的CMS与NaCl水溶液复合，分析复合材料的储能密度与过冷度变化规律。实验结果表明：经400 ℃高温烧结150 min的CMS仍保持均匀多孔结构，其导热系数达0.039 41 W/（m·K），相较于原始MS提升36.7%，且表现出良好的亲水性，可有效吸附NaCl水溶液；虽然高孔隙率导致其力学性能略有下降，但仍能满足复合蓄冷材料的使用需求。相变特性测试显示，NaCl水溶液的相变潜热随质量分数的增加而降低，过冷度则呈现先升高后稳定的趋势。与纯NaCl水溶液相比，400 ℃烧结150 min的CMS与NaCl水溶液制备的复合材料，储能密度提升6.3%~15.3%，过冷度显著降低8.2%~70.1%。研究结果表明，CMS可有效强化NaCl水溶液的相变储能性能并抑制其过冷现象，所制备的复合相变蓄冷材料具有良好的应用潜力，为高效蓄冷材料的设计与制备提供理论依据和技术参考。

Abstract

This study prepared composite phase-change cold storage materials using carbonized melamine sponge （CMS） and NaCl aqueous solution to address the problems of low energy storage density and large supercooling degree of traditional sodium chloride （NaCl） aqueous solution， and broaden their application in cold thermal energy storage. Fifteen CMS samples were prepared by sintering melamine sponge （MS） at different temperatures and durations in air. The microstructures， thermal conductivities， mechanical properties， and surface wettability of the CMS were systematically characterized. The phase-change characteristics of NaCl aqueous solutions with different concentrations were further explored， and the CMS prepared by the optimal process was compounded with an NaCl aqueous solution to analyze the variation rules of the energy storage density and supercooling degree of the composite materials. The experimental results showed that the CMS sintered at 400 ℃ for 150 minutes exhibited a uniform porous structure and a thermal conductivity of 0.039 41 W/（m·K）， which was 36.7% higher than that of the original MS. Additionally， the CMS exhibited good hydrophilicity， which enabled effective adsorption of the NaCl aqueous solution. Although the high porosity r

esulted in a slight decrease in its mechanical properties， the material could still satisfy the application requirements of composite cold storage materials. The phase change characteristics test showed that the latent heat of phase change of the NaCl aqueous solution decreased with increasing concentration， while the degree of supercooling initially increased and subsequently stabilized. Compared with pure NaCl aqueous solution， the composite material prepared by CMS sintered at 400

C for 150 minutes， and NaCl aqueous solution exhibited an energy storage density increase of 6.3%~15.3%， and a significant reduction in supercooling degree of 8.2%~70.1%. The results indicate that CMS can effectively enhance the phase-change energy-storage performance of NaCl aqueous solutions and inhibit supercooling. The prepared composite phase-change cold-storage material demonstrates good application potential， which provides a theoretical basis as well as technical reference for the design and preparation of high-efficiency cold-storage materials.

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