Study on Application of Hydrate Salt Supercooling Characteristics in Wide-Temperature-Range Battery Thermal Management for Cold Regions

Xiao Xin; Zhang Zhiwei; Yao Mengting; Wang Yunfeng

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260201001

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Study on Application of Hydrate Salt Supercooling Characteristics in Wide-Temperature-Range Battery Thermal Management for Cold Regions

更新时间：2026-06-17

- Study on Application of Hydrate Salt Supercooling Characteristics in Wide-Temperature-Range Battery Thermal Management for Cold Regions
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-9(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.云南师范大学可再生能源材料先进技术与制备教育部重点实验室昆明 650500
  2. 东华大学环境学院空气环境与建筑节能研究所上海 201620
- 作者简介：
  
  Xiao Xin， male， associate professor， College of Environmental Science and Engineering， Donghua University， 86-18964749723， E-mail：xin.xiao@dhu.edu.cn. Research fields： latent thermal energy storage and flexible thermal management.
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260201001
  CLC： TB34;TK02;TM912
- Received：01 February 2026，
  
  Revised：2026-03-23，
  
  Accepted：27 March 2026，
  
  Online First：17 June 2026，
- 稿件说明：
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肖鑫，张志伟，姚梦婷，等. 水合盐过冷特性应用于冬冷地区宽温区电池热管理的研究［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-9.

Xiao Xin，Zhang Zhiwei，Yao Mengting，et al. Study on Application of Hydrate Salt Supercooling Characteristics in Wide-Temperature-Range Battery Thermal Management for Cold Regions［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-9.
肖鑫，张志伟，姚梦婷，等. 水合盐过冷特性应用于冬冷地区宽温区电池热管理的研究［J］. 制冷学报，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-9. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260201001.

Xiao Xin，Zhang Zhiwei，Yao Mengting，et al. Study on Application of Hydrate Salt Supercooling Characteristics in Wide-Temperature-Range Battery Thermal Management for Cold Regions［J］. Journal of Refrigeration，XXXX，XX（XX）：1-9. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20260201001.

摘要

冬冷地区的锂电池热管理是提高动力电池组在低温环境下性能的必要途径。本文以十水合硫酸钠（SSD）为基体，添加质量分数为2%~12%的膨胀石墨（EG），用于改善材料泄漏、相分离和热导率低的问题。在考虑泄漏、相变材料沉降和相分离、热导率和潜热值后，选取10% EG填充入SSD的复合相变材料，并通过低温实验台进行模拟冬冷地区电池热管理测试。结果表明：10% EG-SSD复合物热导率为2.093 W/（m·K），过冷度为17.01 ℃，满足15 ℃以下低温环境。在5 ℃和8 ℃填充复合物的电池温度维持在15 ℃以上的时长分别为未填充复合物的2.77倍和3.76倍，充电效率分别提高7.55%和13.65%。5 ℃时电池放电功率提高7.53%，放电时间延长28%。模拟夏季汽车振动工况下，10% EG-SSD可实现触发低过冷放热，保证相变循环的正常进行。

Abstract

Effective thermal management is essential for improving the performance of lithium battery packs operating under low-temperature conditions in cold environments. In the present study， sodium sulfate decahydrate （SSD） was used as the base material， and expanded graphite （EG） with a mass fraction of 2%-12% was incorporated to address issues such as material leakage， phase separation， and low thermal conductivity. After considering the leakage， phase-change material sedimentation， thermal conductivity， and latent heat， a composite phase change material with 10% EG filled into the SSD was selected. A low-temperature experimental platform was employed to simulate the thermal management performance of batteries in cold regions. The results show that the thermal conductivity of the 10% EG-SSD composite is 2.093 W/（m·K）， with a supercooling degree of 17.01 ℃， meeting the requirements for temperatures below 15 ℃. System tests reveal that when the rig filled with the composite is at 5 ℃， the battery temperature remains above 15 ℃ for 2.77 times longer than that without the composite， while the battery discharge power increases by 7.53%， and the discharge time extends by 28%. Furthermore， the charging efficiency is improved by 7.55% and 13.65%， respectively. Under simulated summer car vibration conditions， the 10% EG-SSD can retrieve low subcooling heat release to ensure normal operation of the phase-change cycles.

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