Simulation and Experimental Study on the Geometric Optimization of Grain Silo Ventilation Ducts

Li Chengwen; Zhang Zhongbin; Shi Jinlong; Dai Yadong; Qin Jiaquan; Dai Qianxi

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251228001

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

Simulation and Experimental Study on the Geometric Optimization of Grain Silo Ventilation Ducts

更新时间：2026-05-21

- Simulation and Experimental Study on the Geometric Optimization of Grain Silo Ventilation Ducts
- Journal of Refrigeration Pages: 1-11(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京师范大学能源与机械工程学院南京 210023
  2. 江苏科技大学计算机科学与工程学院镇江 212003
  3. 江苏永昇空调有限公司泰州 225400
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251228001
  CLC： TU834.4;S379;TS210
- Received：28 December 2025，
  
  Revised：2026-01-24，
  
  Accepted：02 February 2026，
  
  Online First：21 May 2026，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
李成文,张忠斌,史金龙等.粮仓通风管道几何结构优化的模拟与实测研究[J].制冷学报,

Li Chengwen,Zhang Zhongbin,Shi Jinlong,et al.Simulation and Experimental Study on the Geometric Optimization of Grain Silo Ventilation Ducts[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
李成文,张忠斌,史金龙等.粮仓通风管道几何结构优化的模拟与实测研究[J].制冷学报, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251228001.

Li Chengwen,Zhang Zhongbin,Shi Jinlong,et al.Simulation and Experimental Study on the Geometric Optimization of Grain Silo Ventilation Ducts[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251228001.

摘要

粮食存储是保障国家粮食安全的重要环节。传统粮仓通风管道设计较依赖经验设定，易出现仓内气流分布不均匀，粮体局部热湿点问题。本文对粮仓横向通风系统中进风口布局、管道直径以及开孔率等几何结构参数进行调整，并进一步对开孔率进行优化1与优化2处理，采用模拟与实测相结合的方式，结合评价指标对稻谷内部温湿度变化以及均匀性进行系统分析。研究表明：进风口位于主风道中间位置稻谷内部温差较低，存储效果较优；支风管道管径为600 mm、开孔率为35%时，稻谷内部平均温差较最高平均温差分别降低29.1%、14.3%；优化1与优化2平均温度分别比优化前降低0.136 K、0.078 K；平均相对湿度分别降低0.134%、0.164%，且优化1能够较好提升稻谷温湿分布均匀性。以上研究为通风管道几何结构设计提供理论指导，进一步提升温湿均匀性、降低风机能耗，提高粮食的高品质存储。

Abstract

Grain storage is a critical component of safeguarding national food security. The design of ventilation ducts in traditional granaries often relies heavily on empirical settings， which can easily lead to uneven airflow distribution within the silo and the formation of localized heat and moisture hotspots within the grain bulk. In this study， geometric structural parameters such as the air inlet layout， duct diameter， and perforation ratio in the lateral ventilation system of the granary were investigated， and the perforation ratio was subjected to two distinct optimization treatments， labeled Optimization 1 and Optimization 2. A systematic analysis of temperature and humidity variations and their uniformity within the paddy bulk was conducted by combining simulations and physical measurements guided by specific evaluation metrics. The results indicate that positioning the air inlet at the center of the main duct results in a lower temperature differential within the paddy bulk and superior storage efficacy. When the branch duct diameter was 600 mm with a perforation ratio of 35%， the average temperature differential within the paddy bulk was reduced by 29.1% and 14.3%， respectively， compared with the highest recorded average differentials. The average temperatures of Optimization 1 and Optimization 2 were reduced by 0.136 K and 0.078 K， respectively， compared with the pre-optimization values， and the average relative humidities were reduced by 0.134% and 0.164%， respectively， compared with the pre-optimization state. Optimization 1 demonstrated a more pronounced improvement in the uniformity of temperature and moisture distribution within the paddy. Collectively， these findings provide theoretical guidance for the geometric design of ventilation ducts， thereby enhancing temperature and humidity uniformity， reducing fan energy consumption， and promoting high-quality grain storage.

关键词

Keywords

references

Das S ， Barve A ， Sahu N C ， et al . Analysing the challenges to sustainable food grain storage management： a path to food security in emerging nations ［J］. International Journal of Food Science and Technology ， 2023 ， 58 （ 10 ）： 5501 - 5509 .

Gong Maogang ， Zhong Yanan ， Elahi E ， et al . Evolutionary game mechanisms for food savings and loss reduction in the grain industry ［J］. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture ， 2025 ， 105 （ 12 ）： 6583 - 6602 .

Mu Zhenya ， Wang Jin ， Zhang Yan ， et al . Effect of temperature gradient of grain storage on migration and distribution of three pests ［J］. Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences ， 2021 ， 2 （ 7 ）： 632 - 640 .

Qiu Zhuzhu ， Wu Fenghua ， Hu Hao ， et al . Deciphering the microbiological mechanisms underlying the impact of different storage conditions on rice grain quality ［J］. Foods ， 2024 ， 13 （ 2 ）： 266 .

Ziegler V ， Vanier N L ， Ferreira C D ， et al . Changes in the bioactive compounds content of soybean as a function of grain moisture content and temperature during long-term storage ［J］. Journal of Food Science ， 2016 ， 81 （ 3 ）： H762 - H768 .

Paraginski R T ， Vanier N L ， De Jesus Berrios J ， et al . Physicochemical and pasting properties of maize as affected by storage temperature ［J］. Journal of Stored Products Research ， 2014 ， 59 ： 209 - 214 .

Demito A ， Ziegler V ， Goebel J T S ， et al . Effects of refrigeration on biochemical， digestibility， and technological parameters of carioca beans during storage ［J］. Journal of Food Biochemistry ， 2019 ， 43 （ 7 ）： e12900 .

Ferreira C D ， Ziegler V ， Da Silva Lindemann I ， et al . Quality of black beans as a function of long-term storage and moldy development： Chemical and functional properties of flour and isolated protein ［J］. Food Chemistry ， 2018 ， 246 ： 473 - 480 .

Wang Mengya ， Zhao Minghui ， Zhuang Xuhui ， et al . Changes in intergranular air properties and fatty acid profile of wheat bulk in a large warehouse with air-conditioned oversummering ［J］. Journal of Stored Products Research ， 2025 ， 111 ： 102520 .

Chen Long . Decision-Making strategies in grain storage in China： From traditional methods to modern analysis ［J］. Drying Technology ， 2025 ， 43 （ 10 ）： 1495 - 1506 .

Chen Xi ， Li Yaning ， Jiang Shuai ， et al . Experimental comparison of ventilation strategies for condensation risk in underground wheat granaries ［J］. Buildings ， 2025 ， 15 （ 19 ）： 3483 .

Kechkin I ， Ermolaev V ， Ivanov M ， et al . Ventilation of grain in metal silos of large capacity in the South of Russia ［J］. IOP Conference Series： Earth and Environmental Science ， 2021 ， 659 （ 1 ）： 012135 .

Myhan R ， Jachimczyk E ， Szturo K . A model of grain aeration in a grain silo ［J］. Food and Bioproducts Processing ， 2025 ， 153 ： 161 - 172 .

Panigrahi S S ， Singh C B ， Fielke J . CFD modelling of physical velocity and anisotropic resistance components in a peaked stored grain with aeration ducting systems ［J］. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture ， 2020 ， 179 ： 105820 .

Zhu Yuhua ， Li Hang ， Zhen Tong ， et al . Integrating self-attention mechanisms and ResNet for grain storage ventilation decision making： a study ［J］. Applied Sciences ， 2023 ， 13 （ 13 ）： 7655 .

郑焱诚，屈登辉，朱延光，等 . 谷物冷却机降温通风粮温变化规律实验研究［J］. 中国粮油学报， 2024 ， 39 （ 1 ）： 33 - 38 .

Zheng Yancheng ， Qu Denghui ， Zhu Yanguang ， et al . Experimental study on laws of grain temperature variation in cooling ventilation of grain cooler ［J］. Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association ， 2024 ， 39 （ 1 ）： 33 - 38 .

GB/T 29374—2022 粮油储藏谷物冷却机应用技术规程［S］.

GB/T 29374—2022 Grain and oils storage—Code of practice for applicative technology of grain chiller ［S］.

Echaroj S ， Pannucharoenwong N ， Vengsungnle P ， et al . Effect of geometric design on airflow simulation inside the storage room for paddy ［J］. IOP Conference Series： Materials Science and Engineering ， 2019 ， 501 （ 1 ）： 012040 .

Jin Libing ， Li Chuang ， Duan Haijing ， et al . On-site test and numerical analysis on temperature field of an underground grain silo under static storage ［J］. Journal of Food Process Engineering ， 2023 ， 46 （ 4 ）： e14306 .

Schüler A S ， Arghira N ， Făgărăşan I ， et al . Grain moisture modeling and control framework for in-silo storage ［J］. Results in Engineering ， 2025 ， 28 ： 107471 .

赵娟，张忠斌，陈萌，等 . 疫苗冷藏车热性能影响因素实测研究［J］. 制冷学报， 2023 ， 44 （ 2 ）： 127 - 136 .

Zhao Juan ， Zhang Zhongbin ， Chen Meng ， et al . Experimental study on the factors influencing the thermal performance of vaccine refrigeration vehicles ［J］. Journal of Refrigeration ， 2023 ， 44 （ 2 ）： 127 - 136 .

Binelo M O ， Faoro V ， Kathatourian O A ， et al . Airflow simulation and inlet pressure profile optimization of a grain storage Bin aeration system ［J］. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture ， 2019 ， 164 ： 104923 .

Khatchatourian O A ， Binelo M O ， Faoro V ， et al . Three-dimensional simulation and performance evaluation of air distribution in horizontal storage bins ［J］. Biosystems Engineering ， 2016 ， 142 ： 42 - 52 .

马国浩，卢曦，郭佳琳，等 . 入口铝管内径对电池冷却器换热性能的影响［J/OL］. 制冷学报， 1 - 8 ［ 2025-12-22 ］. https：//link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20250225.1050.002 https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20250225.1050.002 .

Ma Guohao ， Lu Xi ， Guo Jialin ， et al . Study on the Effect of the Inlet Aluminum Tube Inner Diameter on the Heat Transfer Performance of the Chiller ［J/OL］. Journal of Refrigeration ， 1 - 8 ［ 2025-12-22 ］. https：//link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20250225.1050.002 https://link.cnki.net/urlid/11.2182.TB.20250225.1050.002 .

陈思羽，王贞旭，吴文福，等 . 基于EDEM-Fluent的玉米储藏立筒仓环流通风与纵向通风仿真分析［J］. 农业工程学报， 2024 ， 40 （ 6 ）： 40 - 49 .

Chen Siyu ， Wang Zhenxu ， Wu Wenfu ， et al . Simulating the circulation and longitudinal ventilation of corn storage silos using EDEM-Fluent ［J］. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering ， 2024 ， 40 （ 6 ）： 40 - 49 .

Araujo M E V ， Barbosa E G ， Martins M A ， et al . CFD analysis of different aeration ducts on temperature and airflow in stored maize ［J］. Journal of Agricultural Science ， 2019 ， 11 （ 2 ）： 301 .

Zare D ， Razavizadeh N ， Maleki-Majd K . New inlet duct arrangements for grain aeration in a small-scale silo： Computational simulation and experimental validation ［J］. Journal of Stored Products Research ， 2025 ， 111 ： 102511 .

Zhang Wanqing ， Gao Xin ， Li Angui . Effects of multi-orifice plate with different geometric parameters on flow distribution of plenum chamber for ventilation duct systems ［J］. E3S Web of Conferences ， 2022 ， 356 ： 02044 .

Zhang Wanqing ， Li Angui ， Gao Ran ， et al . Visualization experiment and flow homogenization optimization of the multi-path plenum chamber system using a perforated plate ［J］. Building and Environment ， 2023 ， 233 ： 110081 .

Lawrence J ， Maier D E . Three-dimensional airflow distribution in a maize silo with peaked， levelled and cored grain mass configurations ［J］. Biosystems engineering ， 2011 ， 110 （ 3 ）： 321 - 329 .

GB/T 40150—2021 粮油储藏　储粮机械通风均匀性评价方法［S］. （GB/T 40150 —

2021 Grain and oil storage—evaluation of uniformity of grain mechanical ventilation ［S］.

金立兵，朱豆豆，李闯，等 . 半地下双层浅圆仓静态储粮温度场的数值分析［J］. 粮油食品科技， 2024 ， 32 （ 1 ）： 153 - 160 .

Jin Libing ， Zhu Doudou ， Li Chuang ， et al . Numerical analysis of temperature field of static grain storage in semi-underground double-storey squat silos ［J］. Science and Technology of Cereals， Oils and Foods ， 2024 ， 32 （ 1 ）： 153 - 160 .

Views

下载量

CSCD

Alert me when the article has been cited

提交

Tools

Publicity Resources

CFD Simulation of Heat and Mass Transfer during Vacuum Cooling Process for Cabbage

Simulation and Experimental Investigation of the Influence on the Performance of Tanks with Different Inlets

Experimental Investigation on Natural Convection Heat Transfer of Porous Media Metal Foam

Experimental Study on Effective Thermal Conductivity of Banana during Freeze-drying Process

Analysis on the Temperature Stabilities for Chilled Water Flow Passing a Submerged and Heated Sphere

Related Author

Yan Jingwen

Liu Baolin

Wang Xueqin

Zhang Xiaosong

Zhao Miao

Li Shuhong

Li Yang

Peng Zhao

Related Institution

Institute of Cryobiology and Food Freezing, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University

Beijing Guojian Design Corporation

School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, East China Jiaotong University

Institute of Refrigeration and Croygenics, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Address：10/F, Yindu Mansion, 67 Fucheng Road, Haidian Dist, Beijing, China Postal code：100142
Tel：010-68711412 Email：editor@car.org.cn
Technical support is provided by Beijing Founder electronics co., LTD 京ICP备09064830号-19 京公网安备11010802024621
It is recommended to read the content of this site in Chrome&IE9+. Please switch to extreme mode in browser 360.
Cookies We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content. By continuing, you agree to the use of cookies.

⁰