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河南科技大学车辆与交通工程学院 洛阳 471003
Revised:2025-11-24,
Accepted:15 December 2025,
Online First:16 April 2026,
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曹嘉旭,芮胜军,冯廷康等.高温自复叠热泵系统研究进展[J].制冷学报,
Cao Jiaxu Rui Shengjun Feng Tingkang Zhou Luyao He Tao.Research Progress on High-Temperature Auto-Cascade Heat Pumps[J].Journal of Refrigeration,
曹嘉旭,芮胜军,冯廷康等.高温自复叠热泵系统研究进展[J].制冷学报, DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251030005.
Cao Jiaxu Rui Shengjun Feng Tingkang Zhou Luyao He Tao.Research Progress on High-Temperature Auto-Cascade Heat Pumps[J].Journal of Refrigeration, DOI:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20251030005.
高温自复叠热泵具有结构简单紧凑,运行性能可靠,可实现较高温度制热等优点。目前,高温自复叠热泵的研究与应用还相对不成熟,大多停留在理论阶段,制热量与COP也相对较低,但其在高温供热领域仍具有很大的发展前景。本文首先介绍了自复叠技术在制冷和制热领域的研究状况,然后从制冷工质研究进展与系统流程优化2个方面对自复叠热泵的研究现状进行了综述。分析表明:低GWP制冷工质替代是当前研究热点,高临界温度制冷工质如R1233zd(E)、R1224yd(Z)等能使自复叠热泵向更高温供热发展,R290、R1234yf更适用于低环境温度地区供热,R1234ze(Z)、R1234ze(E)具有优异的热力学性能;混合工质配比对自复叠热泵系统性能产生较大影响,循环浓度在线测量方法与混合工质主动调控策略能使系统始终处在最佳配比;在热泵系统流程优化方面,补气增焓技术的应用最为成熟与广泛,多级蒸发、喷射技术等具有发展潜力,多系统耦合有利于提升系统性能,但会影响系统运行的稳定性。
High-temperature auto-cascade heat pumps exhibit a simple and compact structure and reliable operating performance and can achieve heating at relatively high temperatures. Currently, the research and application of high-temperature auto-cascade heat pumps remain relatively immature, and most studies are still in the theoretical stage. Although their heating capacity and coefficient of performance (COP) are relatively low, they still hold significant promise for development in the field of high-temperature heating. This paper first introduces the research status of auto-cascade technology in the fields of refrigeration and heating and then reviews the research progress of auto-cascade heat pumps from two aspects: research advances in refrigerants and the optimization of system processes. The analysis showed that the replacement of refrigerants with a low global warming potential (GWP) is the current research focus. Refrigerants with high critical temperatures, such as R1233zd(E) and R1224yd(Z), enable auto-cascade heat pumps to achieve high-temperature heating. R290 and R1234yf are more suitable for heating in areas with low ambient temperatures, whereas R1234ze(Z) and R1234ze(E) exhibit excellent thermodynamic performance. The proportion of mixed refrigerants has a significant impact on the performance of auto-cascade heat-pump systems. Online cycle concentration measurement methods and active control strategies for mixed refrigerants can maintain the system at an optimal proportion at all times. In terms of the optimization of heat-pump system processes, the application of vapor injection technology for increasing enthalpy is the most mature and widespread. Technologies such as multistage evaporation and ejection show potential for development. Multi-system coupling is conducive to improving system performance but may affect the stability of system operation.
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