Investigation on Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Jet Impingement Cooling

Guan Sumin; Ding Ruochen; Wang Ningbo; Ye Qingping; Zheng Zhimei; Shao Shuangquan

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250812002

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Investigation on Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Jet Impingement Cooling

更新时间：2026-03-12

- Investigation on Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Jet Impingement Cooling
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages: 80-87(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国长江电力股份有限公司宜昌 100032
  2. 湖北省智慧水电技术创新中心武汉 430000
  3. 中国三峡集团科学技术研究院北京 100000
  4. 华中科技大学能源与动力工程学院武汉 430074
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFF0218601)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250812002
  CLC： TK123;TK124;TP308
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250812002
- Received：12 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-05，
  
  Accepted：12 September 2025，
  
  Published：16 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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关苏敏,丁若晨,王宁波等.射流冲击冷却热力-水力性能多目标优化研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):80-87.

Guan Sumin,Ding Ruochen,Wang Ningbo,et al.Investigation on Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Jet Impingement Cooling[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):80-87.
关苏敏,丁若晨,王宁波等.射流冲击冷却热力-水力性能多目标优化研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):80-87. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250812002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250812002.

Guan Sumin,Ding Ruochen,Wang Ningbo,et al.Investigation on Multi-Objective Optimization of Thermal-Hydraulic Performance for Enhanced Heat Transfer in Jet Impingement Cooling[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):80-87. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250812002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250812002.

摘要

探索高效、清洁、节能的冷却方案是数据中心脱碳的重要途径。本文提出一种变间距多射流直接芯片冷却方案，旨在提高传热系数并改善温度均匀性。研究了冷却剂流量、入口温度、针翅设计参数及射流孔间距对热阻、压降、温度标准差和努塞尔数的影响。基于计算流体力学（CFD）和拉丁超立方采样实验设计生成用于构建代理模型的数据集，建立了以结构和热参数为输入，热阻、压降、温度均匀性为输出的人工神经网络模型，并采用基于均匀搜索的约束多目标优化算法（CMOES）求解优化模型。优化结果表明：最优设计在热力-水力性能上均优于初始设计及现有研究，具有良好工程应用前景。

Abstract

Implementing efficient， clean， and energy-saving cooling solutions is important to decarbonize data centers. This study investigates a variable-spacing multijet direct-chip cooling device that increases the heat-transfer coefficient and improves temperature uniformity. The effects of the coolant flow rate， inlet temperature， pin-fin design parameters， and jet hole spacings on the thermal resistance， pressure drop， standard deviation of temperature， and Nusselt number are investigated. The dataset for the surrogate model construction is obtained based on computational fluid dynamics and Latin hypercube-sampling experimental designs. An artificial neural network model is developed with structural and thermal parameters as inputs and thermal resistance， pressure drop， and temperature uniformity as outputs. An algorithm called constrained multi-objective optimization based on the even search is used to find the solution. The optimization results show that the optimal design outperforms the initial design and has better performance specifications than those of existing studies for both thermal and hydraulic performances. Thus， it has good prospects for engineering applications. Herein， the optimization of variable-spacing multijet direct-chip cooling is investigated， enabling the chip to operate at a higher performance level.

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references

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