Experimental Study of Dual-PCM Gradient Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Ranges

Wang Tieying; Liu Songsong; Su Yuanxiang; Liu Shengchun; Shi Qianlei; Xu Chao; Liao Zixuan

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250316001

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Experimental Study of Dual-PCM Gradient Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Ranges

更新时间：2026-06-01

- Experimental Study of Dual-PCM Gradient Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Ranges
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 3, Pages: 67-74(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.天津商业大学机械工程学院天津 300134
  2. 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院北京 102206
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52206274;52476085);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0207600)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250316001
  CLC： TB61⁺1;TM912
- Received：16 March 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-04-14，
  
  Accepted：15 April 2025，
  
  Published：16 June 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王铁营,刘松松,苏远翔等.双相变温度梯度宽温域锂电池热管理实验研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(03):67-74.

Wang Tieying,Liu Songsong,Su Yuanxiang,et al.Experimental Study of Dual-PCM Gradient Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Ranges[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(03):67-74.
王铁营,刘松松,苏远翔等.双相变温度梯度宽温域锂电池热管理实验研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(03):67-74. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250316001.

Wang Tieying,Liu Songsong,Su Yuanxiang,et al.Experimental Study of Dual-PCM Gradient Thermal Management for Lithium-Ion Batteries with Wide Temperature Ranges[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(03):67-74. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250316001.

摘要

本文提出了一种基于石蜡/膨胀石墨/竹炭复合双层相变材料的锂离子电池被动热管理新方法。为解决现有相变材料温控范围有限的问题，构建了双相变温度（30 ℃/50 ℃）梯度结构，并结合膨胀石墨的高导热性与竹炭的多孔吸附特性，开发了具有双相变温度调控功能的复合相变体系。实验结果表明：在40 ℃环境温度和5 C大倍率工况下，采用双层相变材料的电池组温升（43.3 ℃）比无相变材料组（69.6 ℃）降低37.8%；在低温环境（-10 ℃和0 ℃）下，双层相变材料通过相变潜热释放与孔隙储热协同作用，拓宽了电池有效工作温度范围。该复合相变体系通过双相变机制实现了宽温域（-10~40 ℃）的智能热管理，为电池热安全调控提供了创新解决方案，具有显著的工程应用价值。

Abstract

In this study， a new method for passive thermal management of lithium-ion batteries based on paraffin/expanded graphite/bamboo charcoal composite bilayer phase-change materials is proposed. To solve the problem of the limited temperature-control range of existing phase-change materials， a dual phase-change temperature （30 ℃/50 ℃） gradient structure is constructed， and a composite phase-change system with dual phase-change temperature regulation is developed by combining the high thermal conductivity of expanded graphite with the porous adsorption properties of bamboo charcoal. Based on these results， at 40 ℃ ambient temperature and under 5 C large multiplication rate， the temperature increase of the battery constructed using the double-layer phase-change material was 37.8% lower than that of the non-phase-change material group （43.3 ℃ vs. 69.6 ℃， respectively）； at low ambient temperatures （-10 ℃ and 0 ℃）， the double-layer phase-change material extended the battery's effective working temperature range through the synergistic effects of the latent heat release of the phase change materials and the heat storage in the pores. The composite phase-change system realized intelligent thermal management across a broad temperature spectrum （-10 - 40 ℃） via the dual-phase-change mechanism， providing an innovative solution for the thermal safety regulation of batteries， which has significant engineering application value.

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references

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