Study on Channel Heat-Transfer Enhancement Technique for Data Center Air-Handling Unit

Wang Zixing Tao Wenquan

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250117002

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Study on Channel Heat-Transfer Enhancement Technique for Data Center Air-Handling Unit

更新时间：2026-03-12

- Study on Channel Heat-Transfer Enhancement Technique for Data Center Air-Handling Unit
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages: 105-112(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院热流科学与工程教育部重点实验室西安 710049
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51721004)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250117002
  CLC： TB61⁺1;TK172;TP308
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250117002
- Received：17 January 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-02-05，
  
  Accepted：17 March 2025，
  
  Published：16 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
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王子星,陶文铨.数据中心空气冷却器的通道传热强化技术研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):105-112.

Wang Zixing Tao Wenquan.Study on Channel Heat-Transfer Enhancement Technique for Data Center Air-Handling Unit[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):105-112.
王子星,陶文铨.数据中心空气冷却器的通道传热强化技术研究[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):105-112. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250117002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250117002.

Wang Zixing Tao Wenquan.Study on Channel Heat-Transfer Enhancement Technique for Data Center Air-Handling Unit[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):105-112. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20250117002. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20250117002.

摘要

通过数值仿真方法研究了传统球冠丁胞以及3种

新型丁胞（椭球冠形、圆角棒形、圆角梯形）在数据中心空气冷却器换热芯中应用的流动与传热强化特性，所研究

范围为5 728~11 176。结果表明：传统球冠丁胞的传热强化能力有限，其最大PEC（性能评价指标）为1.067（球冠丁胞R15h2，

=8 383）。而相较于球冠丁胞，3种新型丁胞通道中的高流速区域均更加靠近壁面，使得壁面边界层更薄，从而强化了传热。而在3种新型丁胞之间，通道上壁面处的近壁面高流速区域以及流体冲击效应使圆角棒形丁胞通道的传热能力优于椭球冠形丁胞，更加复杂的二次流漩涡使圆角梯形丁胞的传热能力优于圆角棒形丁胞。圆角梯形丁胞的传热强化效果最好，在等泵功下相较于平直板片通道最高可强化传热33%（

=5 728），而在测试

范围内其PEC均大于1.27。

Abstract

A numerical simulation method is used to investigate the flow and heat-transfer enhancement characteristics of a dimple-enhanced data center air-handling unit heat exchanger with Reynolds numbers ranging from 5 728 to 11 176. Traditional spherical dimples and three novel dimple types （ellipsoid， rounded stick， and rounded trapezoid） are studied. The results indicate that the traditional spherical dimple has poor heat-transfer enhancement performance， as its highest performance-evaluation criterion （PEC） is 1.067 （spherical dimple R15h2 with

= 8 383）. Compared with the spherical-dimple channel， the high-velocity regions are all closer to the wall for the three novel dimple channels， which creates a thinner boundary layer that enhances heat transfer. Among the three novel dimple channels， the heat-transfer ability of the rounded-stick dimple channel is better than that of the ellipsoid dimple channel because of the larger high-velocity area near the upper wall of the channel and the fluid-impingement effect. The more complex second-flow vortexes result in a higher heat-transfer ability for the rounded trapezoid dimple channel compared with the rounded stick dimple. Under the same pumping power， the rounded trapezoid dimple channel can enhance the heat transfer by up to 33% compared with a flat-plate channel when

= 5 728. In addition， the PEC of the rounded trapezoid dimple channel is larger than 1.27 in the tested Re region.

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references

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