Impact of Dual-Objective Control Strategy on Temperature Control in Direct-Cooling System and Energy Flow in Electric Vehicles

Zhang Chenguang; Liang Kunfeng; Chen Haoyuan; Wang Lin; Chen Bin; Cao Yong; Duan Haolei; Li Shuopeng; Zhu Dengyu; He Yaru; Yang Dapeng

doi:10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20241219001

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Impact of Dual-Objective Control Strategy on Temperature Control in Direct-Cooling System and Energy Flow in Electric Vehicles

更新时间：2026-03-12

- Impact of Dual-Objective Control Strategy on Temperature Control in Direct-Cooling System and Energy Flow in Electric Vehicles
- Journal of Refrigeration Vol. 47, Issue 1, Pages: 127-137(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.河南科技大学车辆与交通工程学院洛阳 471003
  2. 豫新汽车热管理科技有限公司新乡 453000
  3. 中创新航技术研究院（江苏）有限公司常州 213000
  4. 中航锂电（洛阳）有限公司洛阳 471000
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52378094(52378094;52376005)
- DOI：10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20241219001
  CLC： TB66;U469.72
- CSTR：XXXXX.XX.XXX.20241219001
- Received：19 December 2024，
  
  Revised：2025-03-12，
  
  Accepted：12 March 2025，
  
  Published：16 February 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
张晨光,梁坤峰,陈浩远等.双对象控制策略对直冷系统温控及电动汽车能量流影响特性[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):127-137.

Zhang Chenguang,Liang Kunfeng,Chen Haoyuan,et al.Impact of Dual-Objective Control Strategy on Temperature Control in Direct-Cooling System and Energy Flow in Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):127-137.
张晨光,梁坤峰,陈浩远等.双对象控制策略对直冷系统温控及电动汽车能量流影响特性[J].制冷学报,2026,47(01):127-137. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20241219001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20241219001.

Zhang Chenguang,Liang Kunfeng,Chen Haoyuan,et al.Impact of Dual-Objective Control Strategy on Temperature Control in Direct-Cooling System and Energy Flow in Electric Vehicles[J].Journal of Refrigeration,2026,47(01):127-137. DOI： 10.12465/issn.0253-4339.20241219001. CSTR： XXXXX.XX.XXX.20241219001.

摘要

电动汽车热管理系统在提升车内舒适性和电池性能方面成为关键研究方向。针对乘员舱与动力电池的不同温度响应特性，提出了一种直冷系统架构，并基于环境温度、车辆运行状态及实时温度信息，设计了双对象温控策略。策略能够动态调整乘员舱与电池的温控优先级，确保整车最佳热管理效果。在实验环境舱中搭建了热管理系统台架，并开发了整车热管理系统的仿真模型。在不同行驶工况和环境温度条件下，对3种温控策略完成了性能对比。结果表明：双对象温控策略在多种环境温度条件下展现出优越的温度控制能力和能效表现，并在电池SOC恢复方面表现出最佳性能；在35 ℃的高温环境下，乘员舱和电池温度分别在51 s、547 s达标；在-7 ℃的低温环境下，乘员舱和电池温度分别在127 s与365 s内达预设值，且SOC恢复率显著提高。虽然双对象温控策略增加了能耗（相比乘员舱温控策略高出约1.2%~3.0%），但显著提升了电池温控效率和整体系统性能，具有较高的实际应用潜力。

Abstract

Thermal-management systems for electric vehicles have become a key research focus for enhancing cabin thermal comfort and battery performance. This study proposes a direct-cooling system architecture to address the different temperature-response characteristics of cabins and power batteries. A dual-objective temperature-control strategy is developed based on ambient temperature， vehicle operating status， and real-time load temperature information， enabling the dynamic adjustment of thermal-control priorities between the cabin and battery to ensure optimal system performance. A thermal-management system test bench is constructed in an environmental chamber， and a simulation model of the vehicle thermal-management system is developed. Performance comparisons are conducted between the three control strategies under various driving conditions and ambient temperatures. The results demonstrate that the dual-objective strategy exhibits superior temperature-control capability and energy efficiency across different environmental conditions， along with optimal battery state-of-charge （SOC） recovery performance. Under 35 ℃ high-temperature conditions， the cabin and battery reach target temperatures within 51 s and 547 s， respectively. Under -7 ℃ low-temperature conditions， they reach preset values within 127 s and 365 s， respectively， with significantly improved SOC recovery rates. Although the dual-objective strategy slightly increases energy consumption （approximately 1.2%-3.0% higher than the cabin-priority strategy）， it substantially enhances the battery thermal-control efficiency and overall system performance， demonstrating high potential for practical applications.

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references

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